BCC構造を有するチタン・クロム・バナジウム・モリブデン合金を用いた燃料電池自動車用高圧型水素吸蔵合金タンクの開発(熱工学,内燃機関,動力など)

概要

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High pressure metal hydride tank system is a key technology for hydrogen powered fuel cell vehicles to get practical driving range. Both high storage capacity and good charge-discharge performance can be achieved by this system, however, mass reduction of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy is necessary. Ti_<25>Cr_<50>V_<20>Mo_5 alloy with BCC single phase structure, has been developed for this system and it shows 2.5 mass% of effective hydrogen capacity, 40% larger capacity than previous Ti_<35>Cr_<34>Mn_<31> system. It also shows high dissociation pressure and can release hydrogen from 233 K. Estimated hydrogen storage capacity by this alloy is 9.5 kg in 180 L tank. It enables over 900 km driving range of fuel cell vehicles. Hydrogen storage density in weight is 2.0 mass% and volumetric storage density is 5.3 kg hydrogen per 100 L as on〜board tank system. Although higher storage capacity has obtained, this system gives that 72% of hydrogen can be stored within 5 minutes. This rapid charging capability is due to its small absolute value of ΔH, -25 kJ/molH_2. And further improvement in rapid charging is indicated by a simulation if the hysteresis of equilibrium pressure between absorbing and desorbing could be reduced.
社団法人日本機械学会の論文
2007-05-25