地域通俗教育の計画化と地域における多様な展開 : 1910年代の東京を事例として

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This paper is a sequel to my paper "Transformation and Various Aspects of Community Popular Education in Tokyo in the Meiji Era" (Res. Bull. Education., Kyushu U., 2001,Vol.4).The latter clarified the variety and transformation of community popular education before the institutionalisation of social education in Japan, focussing on Tokyo prefecture in the 188Os-1900s. The purpose of this paper is to examine the planning and evolution of community popular education in Tokyo prefecture in the 1910s, following my previous paper. The Ministry of Education started to carry out a policy or popular education with a limited budget in 1911, while "The Inquiry Committee of Popular Education" formulated a policy to promote it in local areas at the same time. Organised activities of popular education, that were based on plans designed by educational associations in each district, conducted by many educational associations and youth associations, spread in Tokyo prefecture in the 1910s. We can, therefore, call the 1910s "the age of planning" in the field of social education and popular education. Youth associations appeared as organisers of community popular education in the 1900s-1910s, while educational associations played the most important roles in planning and promoting it. Especially in the farming regions, most of the youth associations played positive roles in organising popular education while developing it. Although youth activities were not active in Tokyo city, programs of popular education were developed as civic education by both the city educational association and the city government. Popular education trends had spread from Tokyo to its directly-controlled islands by the 1910s. This late date was due to educational associations and youth associations not being organised until after the Russo-Japanese War of 1940-1905 as compared to the mainland where these associations were formed in the 1880s-1900s. Thus, we can see the variety of community popular education according to the character-istics of cach region. This contradicts popular stereotypes that portray the uniformity of social education and popular education in prewar Japan as a means through which the state controlled people. Social education (popular education) administration was established in 1919, based on the spread and development of various activities of popular education in local areas.
九州大学の論文

著者

松田武雄
教育社会計画学講座(社会教育思想論)

地域通俗教育の計画化と地域における多様な展開 : 1910年代の東京を事例として

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