エコロジカル・フットプリント指標分析の方法論的進歩と最近の論点(<特集論文>エコロジカル・フットプリント指標の現状と課題)

概要

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The Ecological Footprint (EF) was co-developed by William E. Rees and Mathis Wackernagel at the Universityof British Columbia, Canada, in the early 1990s. In recent years, Ecological Footprint analysis has been widelyrecognized and applied in many parts of the world. In this paper, we first discuss the meaning andcontribution of EF analysis in terms of fostering the sustainability of human enterprise. We then review therecent development of EF calculation methods, with a focus on the use of the input-output matrix in EFestimation. We provide an interpretation of global hectarage with a simple numerical example. Thirdly, weattempt to calculate the EF of Shiga Prefecture, Japan, through input-output analysis. In the latter part of thispaper, we explore possible improvements in calculation methods which could reflect whether the use ofresources is sustainable or not. For example, we contemplate ways of taking into account the destructive userate (DUR), the natural capital depletion rate (NCDR) and prolonged impact management (PIM) costs.