インドネシア・バリ島におけるグローバル・ツーリズム下での移住者の増加と伝統的生活様式の解体 : デンパサール近郊プモガン村の事例(富澤敏勝教授退職記念特集)
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the change of Bali society in the period of global tourism. Tourism has created employment opportunities and created an increase of population in Bali society. Today, other than Hindus who speak Balinese, many people of various ethnic groups who have immigrated from other areas of Indonesia live in Bali. At the same time, tourism has changed the paddy fields into residential lands and disorganized the traditional lifestyle of hundreds of Balinese who had been cultvating rice in the paddy field. The points that became clear from hearing investigation into members of a Balinese irrigation system (Subak) in Desa Pemogan are as follows. Today, in Desa Pemogan, there are hundreds of Muslim immigrant workers from Java and Lombok, as well as Bali Hindus. In addition, there are many people who are engaging in various occupations such as hotel and restaurant employees, drivers, self-employed people, and other non-farming occupation. Immigrant workers consist of two categories. One is that of low wage day laborers and the employees of self-employed people. The other is the managers of self-employed people. The former are called 'KIPEM' (Kartu Identitas Penduduk Musiman), who are short term laborers from other areas of Indonesia. The latter are better off financially.These immigrants change their place of residence and become members of Banjar. Consequently, we have witnessed an increase in immigration, high mobility and the disorganization of the traditional way of life which has been maintained by the Balinese.
- 2007-02-15
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