生産システムの変化と価格形成を中心にして(マイクロエレクトロニクス化と中小企業,総合研究)
スポンサーリンク
概要
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This paper is an attempt to approach the microelectronicization of production process of small and medium manufacturers in Japan from two aspects. The first approach concerns the question how the division of work within an enterprise will be changed when the microelectric apparatus is introduced into the production process and what effects the introduction will have on the production structure. These subjects are discussed from the viewpoint that in the case of small and medium manufacturers, the major problem lies in compounding the two systems, that is, the existing production system and the production system which uses microelectonic apparatus; the main point is how to make the new production system efficient. The second approach concerns the question how the influencing power of small and medium manufacturers, especially subcontracting firms will change with microelectronicization over the matter of price formation. In the past, subcontracting firms were forced to be price takers in Japan due to the fact that unit price was determined one-sidedly by parent companies. Recently, however, this situation is gradually changing. It is getting more and more difficult for the parent company to take advantage of oligopsonistic position and to have strong influence in determining the price. The present work is to examine such changes in relation to microelectronicization. In this paper, the two approaches mentioned above are made based on the survey conducted by the Economic Science Institute of Nihon University. Although the findings are set out in the paper at length, the gist is as follows. 1) Microelectronicization contributes to the growth of production and processing. As to quantity-wise its contribution is not so large, while quality-wise, that is, what concerns with precision, date of delivery, quality, etc. of the product, the contribution is remarkable. 2) Introduction of microelectronic apparatus has brought a great deal of changes to the system of division of work within an enterprise. The gradual shift from specialization-oriented type to multi-function oriented type can be observed. 3) Microelectronicization does not make the existing skills obsolete. On the contrary, in the case of small and medium enterprises, it improves production efficiency together with the existing production system and skills. 4) As for price formation, parent companies still have strong influence over it. However, with the advance of microelectronicization, the ratio of those who, with their own price standard, have the equal voice in the negotiation for determining unit price is rising. In addition to the above, the cases of some firms the author has visited are also included in order to corroborate the survey findings. These firms are such industries as metal mold manufacturers, measuring instrument manufacturers, machine processing and precision machine processing. They are all small and medium subcontracting firms whose businesses are growing due to successful application of microelectronic apparatus.
- 日本大学の論文
- 1987-03-20
著者
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- 生産システムの変化と価格形成を中心にして(マイクロエレクトロニクス化と中小企業,総合研究)