国内人口移動と若年層地元定着化の動向(我が国の都市問題,共同研究)
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概要
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In accordance with the transition from a highgrowth economy to a stable-growth economy, the degree of internal migration in Japan indicates a clear downward trend after having reached its peak in 1971-73. This nationwide decline in mobility can be explained by the decline in the social rate of increase in urban areas, where massive population accumulated throughout the 1960s, on one hand, and on the other by the decline in the social rate of decrease in the rural areas, which played a role of population supplier throughout the same period. One of the underlying phenomena of these new mobility trends throughout the 1970s is a sharp decline in youth mobility, which was traditionally high, in comparison with that of other age groups. The tendencies of youth mobility in the 1970s can be summarized in the following five points: (1) Since 1972 the mobile university/college entrants have become the mainstream of inter-prefectural youth migration exceeding mobile middle/high school graduates seeking jobs in number. (2) As for middle/high school graduates newly employed, a sharp decline in the absolute number, and, at the same time, an increase in hometown employment ratio are observed. (3) The reasons behind the above-mentioned phenomena are changes in values regarding work and life, and a relative increase in job opportunities in the rural areas. (4) The enrollment ratio for universities and colleges in home prefectures is rising. However, there is still a possibility for the number of mobile university/college entrants to increase depending on the total number of entrants. (5) The enrollment ratio of universities and colleges within home prefecture is on an increase. Meanwhille, the total number of enrollments of those outside home prefectures remains stable in absolute term. However, the ratio of mobile students in inter-prefectural migration is rising. This means that the reduction of inter-prefectural mobility due to reasons other than student migration-mainly job considerations-since the 1970s has been far greater than that is shown in the Basic Resident Registers. The chief objective of the Integrated Residence Policy in the Third Comprehensive National Development Plan adopted in 1977 was to promote regional settlement through the improvements in the industrial and social infrastructure. Regardless of specific effects of the various regional development measures themselves, economic activities in local prefectures tend to increase compared with urban areas in the process of the Japanese economy shifting from highgrowth to stable-growth. Corresponding to this economic trend, declining mobility in rural areas is under way especially among the young age group. In order to consider the future of regional population, it is extremely important to envisage whether this trend will continue or not.
- 日本大学の論文
- 1985-03-20
日本大学 | 論文
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