地価上昇メカニズムと日本経済(日本経済と地価問題,共同研究)
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Largest cities areas in Japan, particularly Tokyo, have been confronted with serious land problems, especially high prices of land, to such an extent that Japanese public finances and the economy have been greatly affected. I would like, therefore, to discuss this matter according to actual land conditions in Tokyo. I. Transfer of Ownership Private land in the Tokyo area has continued to decrease after the World War II. On the other hand the number of private land owners has steadily increased. Therefore, the average area of private land per owner has so far decreased by half during the period from 1963 to 1980, thus advancing further subdivisions of private land in Tokyo. Of today's 23 special wards, more than 50% of private land owners possess less than 100m^2. Such an increase in small land ownership poses significant problems with respect to disaster prevention and environmental improvement. II. Change in Land Use Land use in Tokyo underwent rapid changes during the phenomenal economic growth of the past. Of all land in Tokyo, more than 50% is housing land, and farm land forms only 15% as of 1977. But the turning the rapid economic growth to the slow one has made changes in land use slow down to a great extent. The ratio of the total floor area permitted under the city planning to that of the actual houses and buildings built is 3 to 1 as of 1975. III. Land Prices Land prices are extremely high in Tokyo. The highest average housing land price per square meter in cities where prefectural government offices are located was \165.2 thousand in one of the wards in Tokyo, which represents 6.7 times the lowest average price that was \24.7 thousand in Yamaguchi City in Yamaguchi Prefecture as of January 1, '79. One square meter of housing land in any of Tokyo's wards costs more than \300 thousand in most actual transactions. With an increase in available housing loans and in financing for real estate corporations and with the increase in the planned floor area ratio land prices are expected to rise further. Financing and the planned floor area ratio are closely related to land prices. IV. Steep rise in Land Prices and the Japanese Economy Due to the deteriorating environmental surroundings and high land prices, people in general have been forced to find places to live far from the city center, and it which has caused the city center to become depopulated and its suburbs to sprawl. This fact gives a big blow to the transportation services provided mainly by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government in the central area of the city and its deficit will make the financial conditions of Tokyo Metropolitan Government very critical again. The deficit of public finance will sooner or later be passed on to the people or citizens. High land prices are going to be a big burden for Japanese economy which has entered a stage of slow growth. V. The solution of Land Problems Even if all the available land is developed, the Tokyo Metropolitan Region as it is called will not be able to meet the ever-growing demand for housing land. It will be important for the related governments to build planned streets and meet demand systematically without just developing and supplying urban areas only for the immediate future. In conclusion, I would like to add that land problems are eminently structural matters closely related to both the industrial and financial structures.
- 日本大学の論文
- 1982-03-20