重水の利用によるポリビニールアルコール繊維の微細構造の研究

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Vinylon is the synthetic fibre that is characterized by its hydrophile property. Changes in the fine structure of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibre during stretching, heat-treatment and formalization, which are important procsses in manufacturing vinylon, were studied by measuring the rate of deuterium exchange between heavy water and the fibre and other characters.　The results are as follows :　1. The partition coefficient ofdeuteritun between D_2O and PVA is 1.10.　2. When PVA is spun into fibre form, PVA molecules seem to aggregate locally formimg many molecular bundles, and in each bundle they make a molecular net work. The formation of a second net work of the bundles may be considered also.　3. By stretching the fibre, some small crystallites are formed in amorphous part, and the meshes of the net work become smaller.　4. By heat-treatment, spaces between molecules or bundles become more narrow and crystals are formed also. In this case, the larger the space, the sooner the contraction.　When treating temperatere is high, the growth of crystals is easy to occur laterally by accretion of other crystallites and section of other molecules, but is difficult longitudially along the molecules.　The number of the crystal parts formed during heat-treatment seems to depend on the kind of fibre rather than the heat-treatment temperature.　When the fibre is treated at low temperatures, the lateral order distrribution of the fibre is broad, but at high temperatures it becomes sharp, and the fine structure of the fibre approaches to the two-phase structure that is composed of crystal part and amorphous part.　5. These changes in the fine structure occur under the influence of molecular aggregation which may take place in a spinning process.　That is, apart from molecular structure, the fine structure of vinylon fibre may be chiefly controlled by the aggregation of PVA molecules whrch takes place in an early stage of manufacture.　6. By heat-treatment at about 170°., this aggregation state seems to change into a different one. Therefore, PVA fibre may have a transition point at about 170℃.　7. When the fibre is treated with an ordinary formalizing bath, not only are OH groups formalized but alsp the fine struccture of amorphous part is changed. However, the degree of crystallinity in the specimen does not decrease during the formalization.　8. The value of water accessibility for the heat-treated PVA fibre is nearly as large as that for rayon, and vinylon is intermediate in this value between rayon and cotton.　9. PVA fibre, and vinylon fibre also, has some low lateral order parts in its crystal part, and the permeation of water to the crystal part is possible to some extent. For this reason, the fibre shows a comparatively high accessibility to water in spite of its high crystallinity.
山形大学の論文
1963-02-28

著者

高橋直通
工学部応用化学科

重水の利用によるポリビニールアルコール繊維の微細構造の研究

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