町工場世界の起源 : 技能形成と起業志向(第一部 寄稿論文集)
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The work culture of prewar Japan's workshop industries (machi-kōba) is characterised by the persistence of traditional attitudestowards craft skills and the workers' high propensity to start a businesson their own. This paper explores biographical information about 41prewar 'inventors' (hatsumeika) of humble origins. They were born inthe Meiji period or earlier. As successful men, most of them startedtheir own manufacturing businesses (some of which became big businesseslater), but all had only received an elementary education and weresupposed to have worked in a workshop industry in the early stages oftheir career. A close scrutiny of their personal histories reveals, firstly,that formal apprenticeship of a traditional type did not play a significantrole whereas factory apprenticeship did. Secondly, there were twogroups of workshop worker-inventors: one group came from thecountryside, i.e. from farm and/or part-time craftsman households, andthe other, from self-employed craftsmen in towns and cities. Thetypical path to the workshop industry was through factory apprenticeshipin the former group while it was training at home in the lattergroup. Thirdly, the rural-born, factory-apprenticed workers tended tostart their own businesses at a substantially younger age than thosewho were urban-born and home-trained. In terms of numerical importance,moreover, the former outnumbered the latter. In other words,much of prewar Japan's workshop culture must have been of rural origin.
- 法政大学の論文
- 2006-03-03
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