The Historical Development of the Organizational Management and its Theoretical Characteristics
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概要
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In this paper I intend to describe the historical development of the organizational management and its theoretical characteristics including the representative investigators' researches. Above all this paper is based on what we call the famous management theories, that is, F. W. Taylor's and Henri Fayol's as the Classical, Elton Mayo's as the Neo-Classical, Chester Irving Barnard's and Herbert Alexander Simon's as the contemporary, and others. I deal with the current of these organizational theories of business administration. Contemporary theory of business administration is especially composed of two important factors described in text, I think, and they are what we call Classical Business Management which is included Traditional Management Theory, and also the organizational theory of Behavioral Science as the theories of modern business management. I consider to insist that we should investigate the current on these theories because we recognize the organizational administration and the management theory of these days indirectly. In the theories of the Traditional Administration and Classical Organization the members who work in business organizations are thought to be something like parts of machines. Business managers in the era need or ask for low labor cost and workers also ask for high wage anyway at all costs. Of course in these composition there is no room that the members of the organization develop each other as if they were in closed space. So we call such a structure a closed system in a technical term of management theory. These inclination was seen or observed in management theory or managerial practice not only in the United States but also in France and of course in Japan. So as to solve these negative problems the investigators who belonged to the School of Behavioral Science brought forth the theories of Neo-Classical organization what we call Human Relations. They treated the workers as they are alive, which meant they had individual idea and also individual sentiment. And after that in the theories of management more modern thoughts have appeared as I said before such as C. I. Barnard's and H. A. Simon's theories. Above all Simon's theory become the center of interest because he pays attention to the functions of the organization and where as the vest of his book is concerned largely what goes on "inside" administrative organizations including the modern current as a society of information era or the beginning of the Information Technology Era.
- 跡見学園女子大学の論文
- 2005-03-15
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関連論文
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- The Historical Development of the Organizational Management and its Theoretical Characteristics
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