イスラームの商業倫理(理論と実際) : 12イマーム派シーア主義の場合、19世紀のイランを中心に

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概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• Distinction between "law" and "ethics" or "morals" is said to be found in whether enforcement of power exists or not. While the former allows the application of power by authority based upon certain fixed criteria, this is not the case with the latter, in which the only criterion is voice of each individual's conscience or rational judgement. In Islam, characteristically law itself is ethics and vice versa. Moreover, law is of divine origin, Every human action ought to be taken just in order to please God and only when man can be successful in doing so, he could expect his reward in his life on the earth and hereafter. Indeed, the official expositions of faith may dictate each Moslem to act following the injunctions of al-Lah, and failure to cope with them shall necessarily be accompanied by Divine wrath, but at the same time any Moslem tends to fail to observe these injunctions as strictly as he should. Though it does not follow that the Shari'eh is nothing but nominal, in everyday activities, the observance of Divine orders, whether intentionally or not, seems to have been neglected. The field of commercial activities is no exception in this regard for there has been an obvious discrepancy between the Shari'eh stipulations and actual business proceedings. In this paper, present author will, in the first place, analyze some characteristic features of Islamic commercial ethics,in particular, those of Twelver Imami shi'ism. Then, he will present one concrete case of a merchant named Hajji Mohammad Hasan-e Esfahani Amin Dar al-Zarb, who was one of the most influential businessmen in the latter half of the 19th century Iran. By this procedure, we could compare theory and practice, so that we might get aclue to answer some of our basic questions; whether does commercial ethics per se truely exist?, and if so, to what extent is theory observed or on the contrary neglected? We hope this case study could help our better understanding of Islamic economy, society and history.

• 日本中東学会の論文
• 1992-03-31

著者

• 嶋本 隆光

  大阪外国語大学

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• 史的唯物論とイスラーム : M.モタッハリーのイスラーム的世界観
• モルタザー・モタッハリー「イスラームにおけるイジュティハードの原則」
• 神の公正('adl-e elahi)の現代史的意義 : M.モタッハリー(1919-79)の神義論
• バスト考 : イラン近代史における宗教的慣習の一考察
• モルタザー・モタッハリー宗教学者の経済基盤と組織化 : 宗教階層の組織化における基本的問題
• イスラームの商業倫理(理論と実際) : 12イマーム派シーア主義の場合、19世紀のイランを中心に
• ワクフ考-12イマーム派シーア主義における理論と実際 : 19世紀のコム市を中心として
• 12イマーム派シーア主義におけるイマーム・アリーの位置について : イラン人ムスリムの場合

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