ベトナム南部 メコンデルタの土器資料 : ゴートゥチャム遺跡の注口付き壷と瓦を中心に(第2部:東南アジアの土器,<特集>東南アジアの土器と施釉陶磁器)
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概要
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Southeast Asia was a place where important activities of the World Trade network were carried out in before and after the era. Also, this was the area where the efforts of the Indian merchants in using Trade Winds, was linked to the trade of the Han dynasty. On the other hand, local centers materialized around the Mekong river basin, where regional exchange was broadly promoted through the South China Sea. The Mekong delta was the contact point of these cultural exchanges, and the Oc Eo port site was formed as the port of Funan. Oc Eo was found by Malleret in the 1940s and after that investigations were continued by Vietnamese archaeologists, and it became important as a standard site of the archaeological chronology in the Mekong delta too. Now we have an archaeological culture called the ≪Oc Eo culture≫, and from 2nd century B.C. to the 12th century A.D., it was distributed over a large area in the delta of the Dong Nai river basin of the eastern terrace. The Oc Eo culture is divided mainly into 3 phases. Phase I is from the 2nd century B.C. (or 1st century A.D) to the 1st century A.D, phase II which is called developing period is from the 3rd or 4th to the 6th century, and the last phase is from the 7th to the 10th (or 12th century). In particular, phase II was the epoch-making period. As the number of sites increased their distribution spread, and changes appeared in the technology, clay recipe, and vessel form as well. In this paper, I would like to observe the changes in the earthenware of the Oc Eo culture from artifacts of the third square in the Go Tu Tram site excavated in 2002, focusing on kendi (spouted vessels), pots and roof tiles. From phase II, fine bodied vessels universally appeared which were hard and well-fired (not kiln-fired but by open firing condition), with a glossy surface, and new vessel forms also appeared as kendis, lids, pedestaled bowls, pots and so on, that were hand-built (paddle and anvil technique) and slow wheel-made. In particular, kendi which were slow wheel-made produced and widely spread to settlement sites around the Mekong delta, and kendi production was also connected to the condition in Southeast Asia, at the Ankor Borei site and central Thai (Dvaravati). The roof tiles found clearly show that the influence from India ≪Ancient indian Style≫ appeared in the 1st century B.C, and some features of flat tiles with grooves for draining rain water and perforation, were also seen in Oc Eo. But other types such as the round-shaped tiles or decorations were original, and were developed at many architectual sites within and outside Oc Eo, such as the middle and eastern part of the delta. These show the selective acceptance of foreign culture and development of indigenous culture in this region. Earthernware played an important part in cultural exchange throughout the early historic period. These features of the changing earthenware of the Oc Eo culture and the conditions that spread out in Mekong delta and South China Sea area, reveal elements of the actual circumstances categorizing the exchange network around Oc Eo.
- 2005-12-27
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関連論文
- ベトナム南部 メコンデルタの土器資料 : ゴートゥチャム遺跡の注口付き壷と瓦を中心に(第2部:東南アジアの土器,東南アジアの土器と施釉陶磁器)
- 東南アジアの古代港市オケオ遺跡の発掘 : メコンデルタ考古学からみた扶南像への一視点(上智大学史学会第五十六回大会部会研究発表要旨)
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