跳馬における空中回転局面のシミュレーション(2部形態と運動の力学)

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In recent years techniques of performance in international-level gymnastics have shown rapid development. Risk, originality, and virtuosity are required to win higher evaluations for routines. New airborne twist-somersaults have increased the risk of injuries. Coaching methods for these skills have been developed through experience rather than scientifically. Computer simulation enables the coach to isolate each component of a skill and to evaluate their overall contribution to performance without risking injury, and computer graphics can be used to explore new or better ways to perform twist-somersaults. The construction of the model itself may provide a deeper understanding of the mechanics of a performance. In this paper a computer simulation capable of completing the new airborne twisting-somersaults from a vaulting horse are described, and the points for coaching them are developed. Equations of motion for the simulation were based on the model of the human body presented by Tang (1989). The path of the gymnast's mass center was established by the application of Newton's laws of motion. Since air resistance was negligible, the angular momentum of the gymnast about his mass center remained unchanged throughout the flight phase. The equations governing the gymnast's body segment parameters and his translation and rotation during a twisting-somersault were programmed for solution on a personal computer. Inputs to this program included the gymnast's anthropometric measurements (BSP), the initial conditions of the technique and its boundary values. The computer then processed this information and supplied numerical output which completely defined the angle of twisting and somersault as a function of time. The data (velocity vector of mass center at the instant of takeoff from the long horse, the angular velocities of the twist and somersault, the time of arm swing, the duration of flight and the landing angle) for input were obtained from measurement of actual twist-somersaults with three-dimensional cinematography.
1992-05-20

跳馬における空中回転局面のシミュレーション(2部形態と運動の力学)

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跳馬における空中回転局面のシミュレーション(2部 形態と運動の力学)

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跳馬における空中回転局面のシミュレーション(2部形態と運動の力学)