自由学園北京生活学校の教育 : 日中戦時下の教育活動

概要

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Jiyu Gakuen Peking Life School was an unknown but unique school which was established in Peking in 1938-1945 by Motoko Hani for the mutual understanding and nurturing the affection between Chinese and Japanese nations. This paper summarizes this unknown school's activities and examines Hani's thought behind the school. In the school, impoverished Chinese girls were taught the way of life, Japanese language, and applied fine arts through living with their teachers and schoolmates under the same roof. Their Japanese language and skills of applied fine arts progressed astonishingly, and they had a great impact upon the neighborhood. Approximately 200 Chinese girls graduated from this school and 21 girls came to Jiyu Gakuen in Tokyo for further studies. Moreover, the school opened a nursery school, boys and girls activity's group, and offered women's study course, etc. As a result, this school recieved a high evaluation from many Chinese people as "only one cultural project under Sino-Japanese war of 1937-1945." We can not make a simple judgement concerning such school activities during the war. However, Hani did not take into account the Chinese way of life into her teaching method. Her project was the direct diffusion of her own educational style at Jiyu Gakuen in Tokyo. Therefore, while she had good intentions, she should have taken into consideration the war situation.
岐阜大学の論文