インドにおける農村住民の政治参加と開発・政治に対する意識 : 西ベンガル州のパンチャーヤト政治の事例から

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Through the revitalization of panchayats, or local councils, decentralization and democratization of rural development politics have been enhanced in West Bengal under the Left Front government led by Communist Party of India (Marxist), or CPM, which has been in office since 1977, and benefits of anti-poverty programs have been well distributed among the rural poor through these local bodies. West Bengal's panchayat politics entered a new stage in the early 90's with the introduction of seat reservation for weaker segments of the population and village meetings where every elector is able to attend. The author analyzes socio-economic characteristics of candidates for panchayat elections in the villages studied and candidates' perceptions of 'development' and the villagers' political involvement. This paper examines to what extent, and how, rural people participate in panchayat politics in West Bengal and points to some issues which should be considered in order to better improve participation. While people from the middle or lower classes have been well represented among the candidates for panchayat elections, villagers' attitudes toward panchayat politics is not active. While the author recognizes the important role of informal opportunities for villagers to express their demands or opinions, he explains that more active participation by villagers in fomal panchayat politics will be achived, for example, by enhancing the ability of village-level panchayats to make development schemes above and beyond the limited image of 'development' which political candidates tend to have.
松山東雲女子大学・松山東雲短期大学の論文

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森日出樹
松山東雲女子大学人文科学部国際文化学科

インドにおける農村住民の政治参加と開発・政治に対する意識 : 西ベンガル州のパンチャーヤト政治の事例から

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