分散染料の染色性に関する研究
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The vapour pressures of the disperse dyes have been measured by Knudsen effusion method and Knudsen torque effusion method. From these values, the degrees of association of dyes in gaseous phase have been determined. These results showed that the degrees of association of dyes are almost unity. From temperature dependence of the vapour pressures, the heats of sublimation have been calculated. The values of the heats of sublimation are discussed in terms of the molecular structure base on assumption of additive property of energy. In order to know the dyeing properties and the mechanism of disperse dyes from three different solvents, the measurements of the solubilities of disperse dyes in octane, n-buthylalcohol and water, and the partition coefficients of dyes from these solutions have been made at the temperature of 80℃, 90℃ and 100℃. The affinity, the heat of dyeing and the heat of solution have been derived. From these values and the heats of sublimation, the absolute heats of association of dyes with PET (ΔHabs) have been estimated. It is suggested from the values of ΔHabs that disperse force between the aromatic nucleus of PET and the aromatic or anthraquinone nucleus of dyes makes a considerable part of contribute to the PET-dye interaction, and additionally, the dipole-dipole interaction or the hydrogen bond makes a contribution to interaction. The kinetics of diffusion of the dyes in the PET have been studied by PET film roll method. The diffusion coefficients have been made on the azo and the diphenylamine dyes. From these results, the larger the dye molecule, the slower the diffusion rate of dyes into the PET. The influence of the partition coefficients on the diffusion of dye into the PET is small. It is presumable that the dyes diffuse into PET as single molecule. The measurement of the diffusion coefficients of dyes into the PET from octane, n-buthyl alcohol and water have been carried out. The heat, entropy and free energy of activation for diffusion were derived. On the base of these data, the problems on diffusion of dye into PET were discussed. From these results, the influence of affinity on the diffusion of dyes into the PET is small. The free energies of activation for diffusion of dyes are 0.4-0.8kcal/mol and 2kcal/mol smaller, for water and n-buthyl alcohol respectively, than those of octane solution. The higher the heat of activation for diffusion, the larger the entropy of activation for diffusion.
- 岐阜工業高等専門学校の論文
- 1973-03-15
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