戦後復興と環境関連のシステム
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概要
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In the goal of achieving postwar reconstruction during the process of industrialization, speed, production systems, a skilled workforce, investment, and the enactment of legislation are factors that can be considered important. At their foundation, the social structures of Germany and Japan were reorganized so they would function as a bulwark for the United States against communism in Europe and Asia, respectively. They were to be supported by enormous injections of capital that would lay the path for these countries to become economic superpowers. At the same, this instilled the belief in people that economic power itself was the supreme goal, and, through the pursuit of this goal, the people were able to rise from the defeat of the war. In the process of achieving this economic power, memories that should have been incorporated into the social structure were discarded while those practices that were considered useful for the development of economic strength were allowed to continue in business, the government, and the judiciary. Under these circumstances, the idea of "the nation creating society" established a dynamic relationship between the citizenry and the country in the sense that it implied that the potential of a nation lies in the efficiency and ability to thoroughly implement objectives. This potential has not fundamentally changed even today. The important questions are : What is the nation pursuing and what direction is it taking ? In other words, what is the status of the nation in its relationship with the society and people ? This relationship is something that changes in the consciousness of the people. It also changes as the nation itself undergoes change. Nevertheless, the conditions of society will differ greatly depending on how that society embraces "unchanging aspects" through the years and how it carries them on in its practices. Environmental practices are one example in which it can be seen that the responsibility for this relationship between society and its people is located in national and administrative institutions. Environmental practices are very much related to economic development and are often considered to be directly opposed to the direction of that development. Although the seriousness of environmental concerns has at last received attention, the system to deal with these problems is very weak in Japan. In a sense, this weakness is also a weakness in the relationship between society and the people. Be that as it may, I will not analyze regulations and laws here in detail. Even if laws often reflect the circumstances of their era, they are not necessarily always "the best" solutions. For this reason, I would like to view environmental practices from the standpoint of comprehensive policy studies seen through historical perspective. Government responsibility and regulations in policies made at the Federation and state levels in Germany, the state-led legal system and realities as regards to Chinese environmental law, and the problem of responsibility and morals in environmental protection policies in Japan vividly reflect the circumstances under which these nations were respectively founded.
- 2001-03-31
著者
関連論文
- 戦後復興と環境関連のシステム
- 政治の中の芸術、芸術の中の国民 : 印刷物としての版画と地方の絆(しまね学の形成に向けて)
- 約束 : 第二次世界大戦後の国家間条約の構図と賠償、軍拡への道
- 国家と記憶 : 原因・結果・価値(第I部 北東アジアの国際関係)