文久2〜3年の政治危機と横井小楠 : 献策に込められた究極目的は何か
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This paper examines the proposal of policies written by Yokoi Shonan (1809-69) to Matsudaira Yoshinaga (1828-90), the 16th lord of the Echizen domain, and explores Shonan's intentions and purposes embedded in the text. Shonan played an active role as an advisor to Yoshinaga, who became the chief political advisor of the Tokugawa shogunate in 1862. In 1862, Shonan framed the policy for the Echizen domain to claim that the shogunate should abrogate the treaties between Japan and European countries, and refresh the initiative to open Japan by calling for a conference of all the lords of Japan. In 1863, Shonan rewrote the policy with some different nuances to recommend that Yoshinaga should go to Kyoto with his 4,000 armed vassals and soldiers to realize an international conference between Japan and European countries, and to establish a new government under the rule of Tenno. The policy of 1863 differed from that of 1862 on three points. (1) The policy of 1863 aimed at the deprivation of political power of radical exclusionists in Kyoto through military power. (2) It did not assume the abrogation of the treaties as its premise. (3) It was a measure to win European countries over to the Japanese side and to make an appeal to the world. These changes in Shonan's policies were due to his awareness of the tensions between Japan and European countries and the state of serious domestic crisis in Japan in 1863. His ultimate aim was to avoid civil war and the intervention of European countries, and to maintain the independence of Japan.
- 2005-06-30
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