学習として見た中国伝統演劇の人類学的フィールドワーク : 初心者のフィールドワークを効率化するための試論
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of anthropological fieldwork in a new light. It analyzes the process of fieldwork from the viewpoint of social theories of learning applying the Legitimate Peripheral Participation (LPP) theory proposed by Lave & Wenger in particular. Thus, the fieldwork is conceptualized here as a social process of learning that implies individuals' changing participation into social relations of the field. As a concrete example, my own fieldwork experience among Chinese traditional theater actors/actresses in Shanxi province is presented here for further analysis. Result of such analysis shows that the anthropological fieldwork consists of at least the following four parts: 1. Pre-entry preparation, 2. Field entry, 3. Initial stage, 4. Later stage. Here, the "initial stage" means the beginning of a fieldwork without much cooperation from those under study, whereas the "later stage" refers to periods when rapport is fully developed with people. Hence, these stages are differentiated from one another according to varying degrees of intimacy between the researcher and the informant. In addition, each stage of the fieldwork poses new challenges and requires different strategies to deal with them. The paper argues that the perspective offered here enables one to gain a vantage point for understanding better the nature of technical problems, such as those associated with field entry, rapport development, and focused observation/interview, that are commonly encountered in the course of many anthropological fieldwork. By re-contextualizing the fieldwork as a social process of learning, it facilitates one to sort the relevant issues out and come up with the possible solutions more quickly. Finally, the paper makes a few general suggestions for beginning fieldworkers to improve their fieldwork techniques.
- 神戸女学院大学の論文
- 2005-03-20
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関連論文
- 学習として見た中国伝統演劇の人類学的フィールドワーク : 初心者のフィールドワークを効率化するための試論
- 中国伝統劇における役者養成過程の近代化 : 学習過程の変遷から見た陝西地方・秦腔演劇教育の事例分析を中心に