アメリカの大学における大学開放プログラム(university extension programs)成立の歴理的背景に関する研究

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This paper aims at tracing the historical background with regard to the emergence of university extension programs in the United States. Extension programs today are highly diversified, ranging from simple, non-credit programs to various certificate programs and professional license renewal programs, probably most active in the world. The fact that the community service as manifested in the extension programs is one of the three primary missions of the university, others being education and research, is taken for granted today. And although colonial universities were tied strongly to the community through the appointment of community-oriented board members, an idea serving the public and community did not take root easily but developed slowly over the years. In their earliest stages, most of the community services by universities were discharged modestly by university people on a private basis, or by some organizations, notably the Lyceum and the Chautauqua which had some connections with universities. It was not until the Morill Law was enacted in 1862 that the community service by the university was officially recognized as the university's third mission. Land-grant universities which were founded by the Law naturally showed a strong interest in initiating programs by doing such things as holding classes for the people from outside the university. Even the newly-emerged research universities embarked on community efforts. But the number of universities involved in the community services was not impressive at all, and toward the end of the 19th century, the extension programs suffered a serious set-back, due probably to the highly active adult education movement of the time by various organizations and also to universities' dwindling interest in the community services.
沖縄国際大学の論文
2005-03-29

アメリカの大学における大学開放プログラム(university extension programs)成立の歴理的背景に関する研究

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