Ecological characteristics and ratings for soils of Arctic Canada

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This paper presents results from the terrestrial research group from the Swedish-Canadian expedition "Tundra Northwest 1999" (TNW99). Sites were chosen with respect to the ecological states mesic and dry. Soils show a great variability with regard to local aspects. Elevated contents of organic matter (>2% TOC) are abundant, especially at mesic sites with full vegetation cover. C/N-values lower than 14 correspond with a dominance of annual plant species. Strong differences in the contents of oxalate extractable iron are observed. Most soils have low salt contents and react alkaline due to higher contents of carbonates with respect to their parent material. Soils are strongly influenced by climate conditions, some of them are enriched with salts, due to an influence of the sea shore in the neighbourhood. Surface layers show high amounts of bacteria, extremes are above 10^9 cells g^(-1). All communities show mostly small sized organisms, and reveal low values of mean cell volumes and surfaces, and thus low biomass. The most important group of bacterial cells can be seen in small rod shaped cells (0.25-0.75μm). A concept of ecological ratings is used to describe the regional and local differences. The TNW99 sites are compared to those from other locations from Arctic Canada taken from literature.
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