航空發動機の高空燃料消費率の理論計算(其の二) : 過給機附發動機の指示平均有效壓力の理論計算式と混合比との關係,並に指示熱效率の高度,ブースト壓力及び温度等に依る變化の關係
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Numerical calculations of power variation with altitude in a gear driven supercharged engine were made, using a rich mixture (n=0.9) in order to obtain maximum power both at altitude and take off. In aeroengines, however, the reduction in fuel consumption when cruising is important for increasing the flight range of the aeroplane, for which purpose the use of a weak mixture in the engine is necessary. The authors in this paper discuss the adaptability of the theoretical equation of indicated mean effective pressure, which is obtained with a mixture n=0.9, to the range of weak mixture of from n=1.1 to n=1.2 by comparing these values with those obtained by JS diagrams of combustion gases. They also discuss the changes in indicated thermal efficiency, with boost pressure, temperature, and altitude, when the compression ratio and mixture ratio are constant, by means of the values obtained with JS diagrams of combustion gases. As the results of these discussions, (i) it is possible to apply theoretical equation (7)' concerning indicated mean effective pressure also to weak mixtures ranging from n=1.1 to n=1.2 with maximum deviation of about 1% from the theoretical values obtained from JS diagrams, (ii) the change in indicated thermal efficiency with boost pressure, temperature, and altitude, when the compression ratio and mixture ratio are kept constant, is somewhat greater in the case of a weak mixture than in that of a rich mixture, but taking the indicated thermal efficiency of no boost at ground level as standard, the maximum change in efficiency is about 1% in a practical range of boost pressure, temperature, and altitude, when the compression ratio and mixture ratio are kept constant, and therefore we may assume the efficiency to be constant. The foregoing results are necessary in a preliminary discussion on the theoretical calculation of reduction of fuel consumption of aeroengines at altitude by using weak fuel mixtures.
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