<国立科博専報>東海・近畿地方におけるゼノキプリス亜科魚類の発見について

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The Xenocypridinae is an Asiatic subfamily of cyprinid fishes, having a specialized short dentary with lower lip for shaving substratum and peculiarly develloped massive pharyngeals with large teeth. This group is composed of 4 genera and 10 species, being distributed from Amur Basin, through the wide lowlands of China, southward to Hanoi Basin. It also occurs at Taiwan and Hainan Island, but no representative of this group is known from the Japanese Islands and the Korean Peninsula. It is, however, apparent on the basis of the fossil remains that it was the most dominant freshwater fish in Japan during the Miocene. It must be noticed at present that the Miocene representatives of this subfamily are not the same as the recent ones in their generic level. A well developed pharyngeal organ characteristic for this subfamily were represented already in the Miocene fossil forms, but no specialization is observed in their dentary mechanism. The Miocene representatives of the Xenocypridinae have been found at various lacustrine sediments in Japan, and is supposed to have luxuriantly flourished during the early half of the Miocene. On the other hand, in the continental Asia, the first appearance of Xenocypridinae was recorded from the Pliocene of Shansi, accompanied with various Chinese genera of fishes. A rich East-Asiatic freshwater fish fauna seems to have been developed thereafter in the continental area. A lot of dessociated skeletal remains (mainly of pharyngeals and their teeth) of the Xenocypridinae were discovered from the Higher Terrace deposit (Middle Pleistocene) at Yage district in north to Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture. Furthermore, several pieces of Xenocypridinae fish remains were newly obtained by the author in 1978 from the lower part of the Paleo-Biwa Group (Early to Middle Pliocene) at the east suburb of Ueno City, Mie Prefecture. These two records prove the presence of the Xenocypridinae fishes in younger geologic age in the Japanese Islands. The author described in this paper the details of the fish remains from the Pleistocene Yage and Pliocene Ueno with their occurrences and geologic horizons. The author also gave an account of the origin and developement of freshwater fish fauna in western Japan, in relation to the geological and physiographical history.
国立科学博物館の論文
1979-12-01

<国立科博専報>東海・近畿地方におけるゼノキプリス亜科魚類の発見について

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