Assessment of muscle fatigue tendency during lip sealing in simulated bimaxillary protrusion using near-infrared spectroscopy

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate muscle fatigue tendency of the upper and lower orbicularis oris muscle and the mentalis muscle due to lip sealing in simulated bimaxillary protrusion, using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Forty adults (20 males and 20 females) with normal occlusion and competent lips were examined. To simulate bimaxillary protrusion for each subject, dummies were made of silicone impression material, and were placed on upper and lower incisors so that the labial surfaces would be positioned 5, 10 or 15mm forward from the incisor surfaces. The NIRS sensors were placed on the upper and lower vermillion border and on the most prominent part of the chin area. Changes in oxygen saturation levels were monitored during lip sealing for 60 seconds in each of four dummy situations: without dummies and with a dummy of 5, 10 and 15mm thickness. The upper orbicularis oris muscle showed no significant changes in oxygen saturation levels due to lip sealing in any of the dummy situations. The lower orbicularis oris and the mentalis muscles showed significant decreases in oxygen saturation levels during lip sealing with the 10mm and 15mm dummies. In the 15mm dummy situation all subjects showed the break point on the oxygen saturation curve in both muscles. The 1/2 recovery time was more extended in the 15mm dummy situation than in the 10mm dummy situation in both muscles. These results suggest that simulating incisor protrusion by placing dummies increases the muscle fatigue tendency of the lower lip during continuous lip sealing.

Assessment of muscle fatigue tendency during lip sealing in simulated bimaxillary protrusion using near-infrared spectroscopy

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