動物園の熊に寄生した蛔虫Toxascaris transfuga (Rudolphi,1819) Baylis et Daubney,1922について

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Few reports have been made on ascarids parasitic to bears in Japan. The authors thirnkthat no identification of the species of the ascarid ha.s remained proper.The authors collected ascarids from polar bears (Ursus maritimus), sloth bears (Melursusursinus), and Yezo brown bears (Ursus ari;tos yesoensis) kept at the Ueno Zoological Gardens,Tokyo, and iderutified them as Toxascaris transfuga (Rttdolphi, 1819) Baylis et Daubney, 1922.This is the first report on the presence of T. transfuga in Japan.The collected ascarid resembles Ascaris lumbricoides in appearance, although they have abody bending dorsally at its anterior end and possess the apparent eervical alae. The maleis 76.5 to 129mm in length and 1.6 to 2.35mm in width; the female is 153.5 to 228.4mrnin lerngth and 3.1 to 4.0 rum in width. Its egg also resembles that of A. lumbricoides, inappearance, but is larger than the latter. The mean dimesnsion of the egg is 0.083 by0.075 mm. Its morphological characteristics agree with those of T. transfuga described inliterature in the following points : presence of the cervical ala,.e, distribution of the labialpapillae, absertce of the interlabium, distribution of the caudal papillae of the male, formand dimension of the spicules, situation of the vulva, absence of striation around the bodyat the site of the vulva, and structure and dimensiorn of the egg.[rtvalidity of the identificatioru of the species of bear ascarids in some past records inJapan was discussed. It was reported by some authors that ascarids with the apparentcervical alae has been described from a Japanese native Yezo brown bear (Ursus arctos)esoyensi,s) irn Hokkaido. They were erroneously iderttified as A. lumbricoides by such authors,who admitted, however, after the presence of T. transfuga had been proved by the presentauthors in Japaru, that the ascarid they had found in the Yezo brown bear was most likelyT. transfuga.As far as the present authors know, T. transfuga has never been parasitic to the Yezobrown bear. Consequently, as a result of th The origimns and insertions of the muscles of the pelvic limb in the fowl are describedand illustrated. They are shown in the following table and figures.MuscularNumber"114Muscular Name"M. sartoriusM. tensor fasciae IataeM. biceps femorisOriginProcc. spinosi of V. T. Vll to V. L.Ill and antero-medial border ofi[ium facing them.Antero-medial border of ilium atthe level of V. L. 111 to V. L. Vlll.Medial border of ilium ai the levelof V.L. IX to V. Cd. III (Cristafranversa and Crista iliolaferalis).Some fibers come from posteriorportion of ischium, which is theorigin of 1 1 8A.lnseriicnAntero-medial portion of mediapatellar crest.Spreading over knee, antero-lateral border of patellaOnto the tendons of 125 and 126. M. semirendinosusOriginLong but narrow portion of ischium,inferior to Crista iliolcteralis. Somefibers come from the origin of1j8A, which is posterior portionof i sc h i u m.nsertionThrough Iigamentous joop (KAUPPsbiceps band), flbular tubercle nearproxirnal end of flbula.l 1 8A] 18B1191 2OA1 2OB1 211 221 231 241 251 261 27M. semimembranosusM. semjnvembranosusaccessoriusM. gracilisM. glureussuperflcialis, ParsanteriorM. gluteussuperflcjajis, ParsPosteriorM. gluteus mediusM. gluieus prcfunclusM. quadriceps femorisThis J11USCJ8 is dividednto 1 24, 325, 126,..d 127.M. recfus femorisM. vostus lateralisM. vastus internmedlusM. VQSYUS mecliallsM. pectineusOne head from posterior portionof ischium and venrral part ofApex iliacus posterior ; the otherhead from Procc. iransversarii ofV. Cd. J and II.From the tendinous rcphe, theinsertion of 1 1 8A.Postero-laieral border of ischium,posfericr fo the origin of 136 andinferior to that of 132.Aniero-[aiera[ border of ilium.Dorsal portion of ilium, [ust belowCrjs?a rransversa and superior toAcetabulum.Fovea iliaca dorsalis of ilium.Aniero-lateral border of ilium, ustposiericr to the origin of l20A.Aniero-mediaj surface of femur.Lateral surface of femoral shaft.Laieral surFace of femoral shaft.This origin is surrounded by rheorigin of 125.zMedia] surface of ferooral shaft,Lateral side of Processus pectjneajjs.M. quadratus femoris l Lateral surface of ischium, posteriorto For. ischiadicum.M. caudofemoralisBy a tendon from the base ofpygosT)zle and associated fascia.M. iliacusA fossa in lateral border of iliumanterior to Acetabulurr? and inferiorto the origin of 122.M. obturaiorius extornus Lateral surface of ischium, inferiorto fhe origin of 1 29.M. obturatorius infernos Venrral surface of j]iurr? (Foveailiaca ventralis), ischium, and pubis.M. geme[IusA fossa, anterior fo For. pubo-ischiadicum, between ischium andpubis.By tendinous raphe, inserting intothe origin cf 1 1 88.Dislal third of femoral shaft. Severalfibers merge in rhe fasc Mm. adductoresThese muscles aredivided into 136 and137.M. adductor IcngusM. adductor magnusM. gastrocnemius,Caput 1atera[eM. gastrocnemius,Caput tibialeM. gastrocnemius,Caput medialeLateral 5order of ischium, anteriorlo the origin of 1 19 and inferiorto lhat of 132.Supero-lateral border of pubis andmembrane between ischium andpubis.An area just above Condy[uslateralis of femur.From aponeurosis of knee joint andti bia l head.An area just above Condylusmediale of femur.M. tibialis anteriorOne head by a tendon from apoint of Condylus [ateralis ; theorher head by fleshy fibers fromlateral patellar and anterior tibiac rests ,M. peroneus [ongusAnterior tibial and lareral patellarcrests.M. peroneus brevisAntero-lateral surface of tibia andantero-medial surface of flbula.M. extensordigitorum IongusAnterior surface of tibia.M. flexor hallucis longus lntercondylar area of femur.M flexor perforatusdigiii secundiIntercondylar area of femur, bicepsband, and the tendon of 128.M. flexor perforans etperforatus digitisec u n cl iAponeurosis covering knee joint onlateral side.M. flexor perforatusdigiti tertiOne head from aponeurosis onflbulbar head, receiving the tendonof 1 28 ; the other lcead front infercondylar area of femur.M. flexor perforanset perforatus digititertiiAponeurosis covering lcnee jointon Iareral side.N4. flexor perforatusdigiti quartintercondylar area of femur, bicepsband, and the tendon of 128.InsertionPosterior surface of femur betweenlateral and medial labia.Medial labium of femur.Three fieads converging into acommon strong tendon, TendoAchillis, inserting into Sustenta-culum, hypotarsus, and tarsomefa-tarsus, and enclosing the tendons,of flexor muscles.Through Ligamentum transversum ;tubercle on anterior surface oftarsometararsus.Onto Sustenfaculum ; a small tendoncontinues into The tendon of 148.Proxima[ surface of tarsometatarsus.Tendon passes through bony ridgeand inserts into proximal ends ofeach phalanx, except the mc,stproximal ones of 2nd, 3rd, and4th M. flexor perforcnsdigiPcrum profundusM. tibialis posteriorM. popliieusM. extensordigiPorum brevisTlcis muscle is dividedinto the following threencuscles.M. adductor digirisec u n d iNl. cxiensor digiti tertiOriginInsertionPosterior surface of both tibia and On plantar surfaces of distal ends[1 bu 10 .of the ncost dista[ phalanges andproximol ends of preceeding pha-langes of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th digitsPosTero-medial surface of tibia, l Onto proximal point of lcypotarsa"use inferior To irs head.sesamoid bone in SustenFaculum.Posterior surface of Tibia.Postero-nvedial surface of tabularhead.Some fibers from common origin ;proximal half of antero-lateralsurface of tarsometatarsus ; ?croperfibers from distal half of anteriorsurface of it ; and 1 st metatarsus.Some fibers from the commonorigin menlioned aboxxc ; properfibers from dlstal ltalF of anteriorsurface Of t0FSOf?1StClTQISUS.Base-medial side of 1 st (proximal)phalanx of 2nd digit.On dorsal surface of base of 1 st(proximal) phalanx of 3rd digit.15",C M. adductor digitil Some fibers from the common Baso-medial side of 1 si (proximal)Cl UO U f i origin mentioned above ; proper l PIICIICIIX of 4th digit.fibers frorn dIStCll l1Cllf Of anteriorsurface of tarsometaTarsus.155 M.ex+ensor ltallucis Antero-medial surface of tarsome-,Base of each phalanx of lst digitbl C l i St Cl t Cl i S U S .Oil each dorsal SUifQC8.166 M. flexor hallucisl Postero-medial surface of torso- Base of 1 st (proximal) phalanx ofbrevismetaiarsus.hallux, diverging inro medial andlateral branches on plantar surface.157 M. flexordigiiorun brevisThis muscle is dividedinto The following iwomuscles.157A M.abductor digiti Some fibers from common origin at Baso-laieral side of lst (proximal)$1secundiproximal half of plant<.r surface of phalanx. of 2nd digit.farso?meiatarsus ; proper fibers fromdistal half of it.167B M. abductor digitiSome fibers from the common origin Boso-!ateral side of 1 st (proxirtmal)quartimentioned above ; proper fib
社団法人日本獣医学会の論文
1962-06-25

動物園の熊に寄生した蛔虫Toxascaris transfuga (Rudolphi,1819) Baylis et Daubney,1922について

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