15. Analysis of Gas Concentration during Gas Purging in Oil Tanks of Tankers

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The investigation on the distribution of gas concentration during gas purging in oil tank of a tanker is necessary for securing safety of life and prevention from gas explosion. The decisive factors governing gas diffusion are structural arrangement in tank, supplied volume and characteristics of gas and position of inlet and outlet. The relations between these factors and gas concentration are not yet sufficiently clarified, though several experiments were carried out for this purpose up to the present. In this paper, variation of gas concentration in tank as the time proceeds is analyzed for one dimensional model firstly. The values of dispersion coefficients are calculated by use of the distribution of flow velocity and the transfer rate by stagnated flow is introduced in analytical method for one dimensional model. Besides, two dimensional analyses by finite element method are carried out to investigate the variation of distribution of flow velocity and gas concentration in tank using various conditions of decisive factors governing gas diffusion, i.e. discrepancy between specific weights of supplying and purging gases, position of inlet and outlet, volume of supplied gas and tank geometry. By the results of analyses, the relations between above-mentioned. factors and dispersion coefficient or transfer rate are clarified. In case of forming the interface between supplying and purging gases, the criterion of arising this phenomenon and the governing equation of gas concentration in tank as the time proceeds are presented. Comparing the calculated values of the gas concentration and the measured ones in actual oil tanks of tankers, good agreements between them are shown.
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15. Analysis of Gas Concentration during Gas Purging in Oil Tanks of Tankers

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