石灰窒素中毒の実験的研究 : 第I篇 各種動物における石灰窒素致死量の比較検討
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概要
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(I) Comparative Studies on the Fatal Dose of Nitrolime for Various Species of Animals Although many studies have been performed on the dose of poisoning especially on the fatal does of nitrolime, a considerable difference is observed by the species of animals and by the ways of its administration. The following experiments were performed for the purpose of determining the fatal dose of nitrolime in various ways of administration and in various species of animals, such as rats, mice, dogs. The results were as follows: 1. The fatal dose for rats by subctaneous injection was 0.4∼9.7 g/kg, LD_<50> was 0.45 g/kg, and the toxic dose was 0.1 g/kg. 2. The fatal dose for rats by oral administration was 0.5∼1.1 g/kg, LD50_<50> was 0.7 g/kg. 3. When 2cc of 15% alcohol was given orally in addition to the subctaneous injection of nitrolime solution, the fatal dose for rats was 0.2-0.7 g/kg, LD_<50> was 0.3 g/kg. 4. The fatal dose for mice by subctaneous injection was 0.4∼1.1 g/kg, LD_<50> was 0.68 g/kg. 5. The fatal dose for dogs by subctaneous injection was 0.5 g/kg. After examining the above mentioned results, the fatal dose in man with the body weight of 50 kg can be presumed to be 5∼12.5 g (around 10 g) by subctaneous injection and 5∼19 g (around 13 g) by oral administration. (II) A New Dust Inhalation Apparatus and its Application to the Experiment of Nitrolime Inhalation in Rats For the purpose of determining the critical dose of nitrolime that induces poisoning in rats, the author designed a new dust inhalation apparatus. By the use of the apparatus nitrolime dust was introduced into 114 rats. The results were as follows: The fatal dose in rats was 60∼110 mg/kg, LD_<50> was 120 mg/kg, and the toxic dose was 30 mg/kg. It is presumed that the fatal dose by inhalation in a human adult is 1.0∼2.5 g, the toxic dose is 0.5 g, and the maximum allowable concentration is 150 mg/m^3. (III) Effects of SH-Substances on Nitrolime Poisoning The effects of six drugs with sulfhydryl radical were compared in poisonings in rats and mice by nitrolime. The following results were obtained. "Hypon" and "BAL" were not so effective, glutathione and cystein were moderately effective, and "Paniltin" and methionine were the most effective against nitrolime poisoning.
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