COMPETITIVE NEPHELOMETRIC IMMUNOASSAY OF CARBAMAZEPINE AND ITS EPOXIDE METABOLITE IN PATIENT BLOOD PLASMA

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We have prepared anti-carbamazepine antiserum and developed a competitive nephelometric immunoassay for the determination of carbamazepine and its epoxide metabolite in patient blood plasma. The antiserum was raised by immunization of a rabbit with a carbamazepine-(bovine serum albumin) conjugate. A carbamazepine-(human serum albumin) conjugate was used as an assay reagent. Carbamazepine and its epoxide inhibited competitively and almost equally the immunoprecipitation of the carbamazepine-(human serum albumin) conjugate. Therefore carbamazepine and its epoxide could be determined by the measurement of the scattered light from the immunoprecipitate in assay solution on a laser nephelometer. Patient plasma specimens were analyzed, and the values correlated well to those determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography. The epoxide concentrations were considerably lower than therapeutic carbamazepine concentrations, which was certified by the chromatographic results. This immunoassay was rapid (incubation time : within 20 min), simple and precise (coefficient of variation : less than 6%), and required as little as 6 μl of plasma, and seemed suitable for routine monitoring of carbamazepine.
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