柑橘園主要害虫群集構造の季節的変化 : 柑橘園昆虫群集の生態学的研究第 1 報

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The present studies were intended to explain the succession of structure and interspecific relation in the insect community of citrus groves. The investigations were made during 1955, 1956 and 1957 at Tachibana (Shingu-machi, Fukuoka Prefecture) and Kusano (Kurume City, Fukuoka Prefecture). In this paper, the seasonal occurrence of main species and the succession of structure in the insect community of Tachibana citrus grove were given. Tachibana citrus grove has not been subjected to pest control since 1945, but has been well managed. Population size of the injurious insects and mite were measured by the total number of individuals found on 60 young branches. During the period of investigation, the following injurious insects and mite of economic importance in the Tachibana citrus grove have been observed, i.e. Dialeurodes citri, Aleurotuberculatus aucubae, Aphis gossypii (ApG), Aphis citricidus (ApC), Aulacorthum magnoliae (AuM), Icerya purchasi, Pseudococcus citriculus, Pulvinaria okitsuensis, Ceroplastes japonicus, Unaspis yanonensis (UnY), Chrysomphalus bifasciculatus, Phyllocnistis citrella and Panonychus citri (PaC). These species were found in large numbers than the other species in the community, therefore seasonal occurrence of these injurious insects and mite would show the succession of this community. The succession of structure of insect community in Tachibana citrus grove was summarized as follows : PaC・UnY-association in April→PaC・UnY-association in May→UnY・(ApC・AuM・ApG)-association in June→UnY・(ApC・AuM)-association in July→UnY・(ApC・AuM)-association in August→UnY-association in September→UnY-association in October→UnY-association in November→UnY-association in December→UnY-association in January→UnY-association in February→UnY-association in March. From this three types of the structure of community were found in a year. First type was PaC・UnY-association in spring, second type was UnY・(ApC・AuM・ApG)-association in the period of spring and summer (shoot), and the last type was UnY-association in autumn and winter. Dominant species in the community over a year of 1955 and 1956 was Unaspis yanonensis. Unaspis yanonensis has two or three generations a year. In North Kyushu the hatching was observed during the periods of last May to early June, later part of July to the same of September and the later part of October, but the population of the 3rd generation was found in a very small number. Population of Panonychus citri showed a striking increase at the period of April, May and early June, but in the other period it occurred in a very few number. The peak of the occurrence of this species was normally found twice, i.e. spring and autumn, but in Tachibana citrus grove the second peak was disturbed by some factors. One of the most important factors in this case was the increase of predators. Three Aphids, Aphis citricidus, Aphis gossypii and Aulacorthum magnoliae, occurred in large numbers at two periods of spring and summer (shoot) in this grove. Pupal population of Aleurotuberculatus aucubae maintained about the same number throughout the year, but in the rainy season it showed a slight decline in number. Pupal population of Dialeurodes citri was larger during the period of the later part of July to early November, but in the rainy season few was found.
日本昆虫学会の論文
1964-04-10

著者

中尾舜一
久留米大学医学部生物学教室

柑橘園主要害虫群集構造の季節的変化 : 柑橘園昆虫群集の生態学的研究第 1 報

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柑橘園主要害虫群集構造の季節的変化 : 柑橘園昆虫群集の生態学的研究 第 1 報

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概要

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スポンサーリンク

柑橘園主要害虫群集構造の季節的変化 : 柑橘園昆虫群集の生態学的研究第 1 報