Study on Metallurgical Factors Affecting the Mechanical Properties of Weld-Solidified Metal in Aluminum Alloys

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Experiments were conducted to study the influences of metallurgical factors such as grain size, dendrite cell size, second phases, solute concentration in cell matrix, impurities and peculiar structures on the mechanical properties of weld-solidified metal in aluminum alloys. Mechanical properties such as strength, ductility and toughness were improved by refining the grain and dendrite cell structures, though the improvement due to grain-refining was less than that due to the refinement of dendrite cell structure. The dendrite cell size was closely related to the distribution of second phase and solute concentration in cell matrix, and therefore, these two factors also affected the mechanical properties. Ductility and toughness were markedly reduced by increasing the amounts of impurities such as iron and silicon, though strength was little reduced. In addition, peculiar structures such as solute bands and feather grain affected the mechanical properties and the fracture behaviors. Among these metallurgical factors, dendrite cell size and contents and distribution of impurities seemed to be most essential.
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