カエル口蓋に於ける味覚機構
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概要
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The taste mechanism in the frog's (Rana nigromaculata) palate was investigated both by recording afferent impulses of the palatine nerve and by histological observation of the palatal epithelium. The experimental results are summarized as follows. 1) The chemoreceptors (Sinneshu^^‥gel) distributed on the palate were composed of 50-80 sensory cells (diameter 5-10 μ, length 10-15 μ). The exposed surface of the chemoreceptor was spherical and 70-100 μ in diameter. These chemoreceptors were smaller than those of the tongue. The number of afferent fibres contained in the palatine nerve was less than 500-600. But all the sensory cells in the palate were estimated to about, 30,000. 2) The chemoreceptors in the palate did not respond to mechanical stimuli. 3) The chemoreceptors in the palate responded not only to all of the four substances of fundamental taste qualities but also to pure water. The water response was inhibited by organic sodium salt, such as EDTA(2Na), as well as by inorganic sodium salts. 4) From the dingle fibre analysis it was observed that the single fibres responded generally to more than one taste quality but they responded specifically to only one taste quality in very few cases. The relation between the response of some single fibres and molar concentration of the test solutions was not always linear, but the response generally increased with concentration of test solution. The water response seemed to be caused by the removal of cations, such as Na ions, from the receptor membrane by application of pure water. In the comparison of the number of the sensory cells and that of the afferent fibres, it is condidered that the single fibre connects with more than one sensory cell. And so the specificities of single fibres may depend on the ways of combining the connected sensory cells which have different properties. It is also considered that the stimulus strength of taste substance is converted into the number of afferent impulses and the taste information may be transmitted through different routes to the central nervous system where taste discrimination is made.
- 社団法人日本動物学会の論文
- 1966-08-15
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