アルテミアの走光性行動にみられる性差と"集団効果"

概要

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It is well-known that the dark-adapted brine shrimp, Artemia salina shows negative phototaxis. The present paper deals with differences in phototactic behavior (1) between larvae and abults, (2) between adult males and adult females, and (3) between solitary shrimp and groups. Solitary male adults, when illuminated, immediately moved away from the light source, whereas the females clung to the inner surface of the observation chamber for a while and later moved away. Such negative phototaxis disappeared about 30 seconds after the start of illumination in solitary males, while it was delayed in groups of males. However, in female adults and larvae, no distinct difference in phototactic behavior was found between the solitary specimens and groups. In groups consisting of equal numbers of male and female adults the behavior of the males seemed to be affected by the presence of females. The biological meaning of the results is discussed with an attempt to apply aspects of social facilitation and imitative phenomenon to the phototactic behavior of Artemia.
1974-03-25