暗黒の中で育ったショウジョウバエの嗅覚の変異
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概要
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1. An experiment was performed to examine if there were any differences in olfactory response between Drosophila melanogaster reared under normal daylight conditions (L series) and those cultured in constant darkness for about 10 years (D series). 2. The olfactory response of flies was tested by using simple equipment consisting of one large glass bottle with four arms and four small glass bottles with one arm respectively. Each small bottle contained a small quantity of Pearl's medium, but yeast solution was placed in one of these, so that fermentation occurred only in this bottle. This fermenting small bottle is designated as p^y, others as p^o. The large bottle (designated as A) contained no medium. The small bottles were placed regularly around the large bottle and connected with vinyl tubes which were ordinarily closed by pinch-cocks. After given fermentative periods (1 day, 1.3 day, 2.3 days and 3.3 days), 30 flies (sometimes 15 or 20) were introduced into the central bottle A and the entire equipment was placed in complete darkness of 25℃. After 30 minutes the pinch cocks were opened, so that the flies could move into any peripheral small bottles (p^y or p^o) if they wanted to. One hour later the pinch-cocks were again closed and the number of flies in each bottle was counted. 3. The migration ratio (number of flies moved to p^y and p^o/number of flies placed in the central bottle) and the convergence ratio to p^y (number of flies moved to p^y / total number of flies moved to p^y and p^o) were calculated. 4. The flies of series D generally showed larger migration ratios than those of series L (although the differences were not always significant statistically); that is to say, the flies cultured under constant darkness seemed to be more active in darkness than normal flies. 5. The flies were clearly attracted to the fermented medium when it was in an early stage of fermentation but this attraction decreased gradually as the duration of fermentation extended, which is clearly shown by the decrease of the convergence ratio. This phenomenon is seen irrespective of male or female and of series L or series D. However, the degree of decrease of the convergence ratio was greater in series D flies, especially when the p^y bottle containing the 3.3 days fermented medium was used. In this case, even a repellent tendency towards the fermented medium was observed in the series D flies, whereas it was not clear in the series L flies. Viewed from another angle, this phenomenon may be that the flies reared in darkness for 10 years had become more sensitive to some repellent substances produced during the course of fermentation.
- 社団法人日本動物学会の論文
- 1967-01-15
著者
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