The Role of Arbiters for Unconditionally Secure Authentication(<Special Section>Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications)

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概要

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• Authentication codes (A-codes, for short) are considered as important building blocks for constructing unconditionally secure authentication schemes. Since in the conventional A-codes, two communicating parties, transmitter and receiver, utilized a common secret key, and such A-codes do not provide non-repudiation. With the aim of enhancing with non-repudiation property, Simmons introduced A^2-codes [17], [18]. Later, Johansson [7] formally defined an improved version of A^2-codes called, the A^3-codes. Unlike A^2-codes, A^3-codes do not require an arbiter to be fully trusted. In this paper, we clarify the security definition of A^3-codes which may be misdefined. We show a concrete attack against an A^3-code and conclude that concrete constructions of A^3-codes implicitly assumes a trusted arbiter. We also show that there is no significant difference between A^2-codes and A^3-codes in a practical sense and further argue that it is impossible to construct an "ideal" A^3-codes, that is, without any trusted arbiter. Finally, we introduce a novel model of asymmetric A-codes with an arbiter but do not have to be fully trusted, and also show a concrete construction of the asymmetric A-codes for the model. Since our proposed A-code does not require fully trusted arbiters, it is more secure than A^2-codes or A^3-codes.

• 2004-05-01

著者

• SHIKATA Junji

  Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University

• IMAI Hideki

  3rd Department, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo

• Hanaoka Goichiro

  Research Center For Information Security (rcis) National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science &a

• Hanaoka Goichiro

  3rd Department Institute Of Industrial Science The University Of Tokyo

• Shikata Junji

  Graduate School Of Environment And Information Sciences Yokohama National University

• Imai H

  Research Center For Information Security (rcis) National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science An

• Imai Hideki

  3rd Department Institute Of Industrial Science The University Of Tokyo

• Shikata J

  The Graduate School Of Environment And Information Sciences Yokohama National University

• Hanaoka G

  National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology

• HANAOKA Yumiko

  NTT DoCoMo, Inc.

• HANAOKA Yumiko

  Security Systems Group, Network Management Development Department, NTT DoCoMo

• Hanaoka Yumiko

  Security Systems Group Network Management Development Department Ntt Docomo

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