語音発声時の音声の強さと声門上圧の関係について
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概要
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The present study was designed to confirm the correlation between the intensity of speech sound and the air pressure in the oral cavity and the pharynx in normal subjects during phonation of consonants, especially plosives and fricatives, and also to compare these results with those in cleft palate patients. The air pressure in the oral cavity and the pharynx is considered to be the same as the supraglottal air pressure. The supraglottal air pressure was recorded with a small instrument inserted into the oropharynx through the nasal cavity ; that is a diffusion type miniature semiconductor absolute pressure transducer. The intensity of speech sound was simultaneously measured with the supraglottal air pressure by a sound level meter placed at 20cm before the mouth. Five males and 5 females were employed as the normal subjects, and 9 males and 6 females as the cleft palate subjects. The examined speech sounds were 6 plosive consonants (p, k, t, b, g, d) and 2 fricative consonants (s, z), and a speech sound was examined by 2 methods in which it was phonated as a monosyllable sound and as a polysyllable word. The results were summarized as follows. A : Normal subjects 1. The patterns of the supraglottal air pressure during phonation of plosive and fricative consonants were similar in all normal subjects. 2. The higher the supraglottal air pressure was, the stronger the intensity of sound was. 3. The maximal supraglottal air pressure of the voiceless consonants was higher than that of the voiced ones in the same intensity of sound level. 4. The maximal supraglottal air pressure of fricative consonants was higher than that of plosive ones. The supraglottal air pressure in the p and b consonants was lower than that in k, t, g, and d consonants. 5. The ascending time from start to peak of the supraglottal air pressure in voiceless consonants was longer than that of voiced ones and the descending time from peak to end of the supraglottal air pressure was not different between voiceless and voiced consonants. 6. The maximal supraglottal air pressure of an examined sound put in the initial segment of any polysyllable word was lower than that in the medial and final segments. B : Cleft palate patients 1. The supraglottal air pressure in most subjects with cleft palate was lower than that of normal ones. However, the pattern and maximal value of the supraglottal air pressure in slight cleft palate cases were fairly similar to those in normal subjects. 2. The pattern and the maximal value of the supraglottal air pressure in cleft palate patients were found to be more abnormal during phonation in weak intensity than that in strong intensity. 3. The pattern and the maximal value of the supraglottal air pressure were different by the position of an examined sound in the polysyllable word. 4. In the trained patients with speech aid, the supraglottal air pressure was similar to that in normal cases. Therefore, the difference of the supraglottal air pressure between normal and cleft palate cases was considered to be due to the insufficient velopharyngeal closure.
- 九州歯科学会の論文
- 1984-06-25
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