舌圧と口腔内気圧による嚥下時の舌運動の解析
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概要
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Up to the present time, there have been interests in tongue size and tongue function as factors of causing malocclusion. As far as tongue function is concerned in orthodontic practice, abnormal swallowing is almost always observed as one of the causes of open-bite cases. In such cases, if tongue movement doesn't restore normal function after occlusion is corrected by orthodontic treatment, there are possibilities of relapse after treatment. Therefore, after treatment, presence or absence of abnormal swallowing must be determined and proper measures must be taken if any in order to maintain stability of occlusion. In an effort to detect abnormal tongue movement during swallowing, the present study made the analysis of tongue movement through lingual pressures and intraoral air pressure during swallowing, and compared swallowing in normal occlusions with swallowing in open-bite cases. Eight adults with normal occlusion and four adults with anterior open-bite were selected as subjects. Intraoral air pressure was measured in the palatal vault simultaneously with lingual pressures against the maxillary and mandibular central incisors and lingual pressures in the palatal regions of the first premolar and the first molar while the subjects performed three swallowing exercises. The first exercise was spontaneous saliva swallowing ; the second, water swallowing on command, and the third was saliva swallowing on command. The results were as follows. 1. In the normal occlusion group, peak lingual pressures of the mandibular incisor, the maxillary first premolar and the first molar were higher than that of the maxillary incisor. In the open-bite group, peak lingual pressure of mandibular incisor was almost equal to that of maxillary incisor, but peak lingual pressure of maxillary first premolar was lower than these pressures. 2. No differences in peak values of intraoral negative air pressure and intraoral positive air pressure were observed between the normal occlusion group and the openbite group. 3. During spontaneous saliva swallowing and saliva swallowing on command, in the normal occlusion group, intraoral negative air pressure began to be produced before lingual pressure of the maxillary incisor was at a peak period. After that, intraoral negative air pressure reached a peak value and intraoral air pressure changed from negative air pressure to positive air pressure after the lingual pressure had reached a peak value. In the open-bite group, intraoral negative air pressure reached a peak value before lingual pressure was at a peak period. 4. The open-bite group showed a compensatory tongue movement which adapted to anterior open-bite to obtain the intraoral negative air pressure for swallowing, and the open-bite group was characterized by thrusting the tongue tip between the maxillary and mandibular incisors and a smaller elevation of the anterior portion of the dorsum of the tongue than that of the normal occlusion group.
- 九州歯科学会の論文
- 1984-02-25