バイオセラムインプラントに関する実験的研究

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After single crystal alminum oxide implant was inserted on the mandibles of adult monkeys, the implant head was cemented to the superprostheses. Under occlusal function, healing process and adaptation of the surrounding tissue of the implant were examined clinically, roentogenographically, histopathologically, and scanning electron microscopically, from one week to six months, after implantation. The results were as follows : 1. The gingiva surrounding the implant satisfactorily healed macroscopically and showed finding similar to those of the neighboring teeth following two months after implantation. Between three and six months, the depth of the surrounding gingival pocket was in the range of 0.2-1.0 mm and showed no great difference from those of the neighboring teeth. Formation of deep pockets were not observed. 2. Roentogenographically, at one and two weeks after implantation, the findings of tissue destruction were observed around the implant. However, after one month, the newly generated bone formation was prominent and, after three months, there was the evidence of thin radiolucent areas around the implant in four of six cases. In the remaining two cases, the border was indistinct. 3. The attached epithelium adjacent to the implant was elongated slightly more downward than that of the neighboring teeth and clongation as deep as the screw thread area was observed only in a total of three cases, two cases after two months and one after three months. However, only two or three layers were ranged downward in all and no prominent hyperplasia or proliferation was observed. 4. In the lamina propria of the gingiva, the connective fibers were densely arranged surrounding the implant but ran in parallel to the implant axis at the area adjacent to the implant. 5. At the screw thread area, the implant was in direct contact with the bone in two of five cases after two months, in two of six cases after three months, and in two of four cases after six months. In the remaining cases, interposition of the fibrous connective tissue between the implant and the bone was observed in all. However, the width decreased chronologically and was in the range of 100-250μm after three months, and of 25-100μm after six months. 6. The fibrous connective tissue between the implant and the bone was composed of collagenous fibers. These fibers transformed at one end into which matrix fibers embedded at one end in the bone on the trabecular side but were running in parallel to the implant axis on the implant side. At the screw thread crest where stress was considered to concentrate, the fibers densely arranged. 7. Scanning electron microscopically, there were many amorphous materials and collagenous fibrils, of different sizes. After two weeks, attachment of epithelium cells was observed on the implant surface. After six months, attachment of mature fibroblasts with microvilli and villi was observed. On the basis of the above findings, the surrounding tissue of the implant heals satisfactorily even under occlusal function. It was confirmed that biological sealing is observed at the gingiva and no abnormal findings such as inflammation or bone resorption are observed at the screw thread area. However, for use on a long term, oral hygiene and harmonious occlusion are important and in clinical application, care must be taken.
九州歯科学会の論文
1984-02-25

バイオセラムインプラントに関する実験的研究

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