下歯槽神経中途切断の歯への影響に関する神経組織学的研究
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概要
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The nerve trunk of inferior alveolar nerve of adult dogs was cut just before it enters into the mandibular foramen in order to study the possible changes occurring in the teeth and periodontal membrane. Results obtained were summarized as follows. A. Changes in Nerve Fiber Distribution 1. The first change to be observed in the peripheral nerve fibers distributing the periodontal membrane and pulp of teeth after cutting of the nerve trunk was the reduction and rarefaction of fibers as early as the Ist day of operation. 2. The majority of nerve fibers distributing the periodontal membrane and tooth pulp suffered Waller's degeneration and disappeared, but there remained intact a small portion of nerve fibers. 3. Progress of Waller′s degeneration was observed faster in nerve fibers nearer the cut end, so that the degenerated fibers in the periodontal membrane and pulp of the molars were the first to disappear as early as the 7th day after operation, and those fibers in the anterior teeth were the last to disappear as late as by ten days after operation. 4. Regeneration of nerve fibers took place in such way that a small number of very fine fibers of regenerating nerve was first seen to appear after 30 to 60 days in the case of periodontal membrane and after 60 to 90 days in the case of pulp tissue after the operation which, however, could be observed to increase their number progressively. B. Other Changes in Tissues 1. The changes that occurred directly after cutting of the inferior alveolar nerve were the dilatation and hyperemia of blood vessels with resultant edema. Following these changes, there appeared a variety of changes in the periodontal membrane and the tooth pulp. 2. Rarefaction of periodontal ligament, resorption of alveolar bone, atrophy and irregular arrangement of cementblasts and disappearance of cementoid substance were among the changes observed in the periodontal membrane, besides dilatation of blood vessel and hyperemia. Degree and frequency of such pathological changes increased with the progress of degeneration and disappearance of the nerve fibers. By the time when the nerve fibers were allowed to regenerate, the foregoing changes disappeared, and the damaged tissues tended to return to normal. These observations seem to suggest a positive correlationship existing between the nerve fibers and periodontal ligament. 3. With regard to changes in the pulp tissues, there were observed, besides dilatation of blood vessel and hyperemia, a variety of degenerative changes in the odontoblasts, including atrophy, irregularity of arrangement, vacuolar degeneration, hyaline and calcareous degeneration, reticular and degenerative atrophy, together with lack of young dentine, and in rarer cases even pulp necrosis was observed. The severity of such degenerative changes, however, did not necessarily go parallel with the progress of nerve fibers degeneration, nor with their regeneration, and showed no correlationship existing between these as contrasted to the case of periodontal membrane. In those cases where the nerve cutting was followed by an intensive circulatory disturbance such as dilatation and hyperemia in the tooth pulp, there came a strong regressive change of tooth pulp which seemed irrecoverable owing to its native fragility of tissue, disadvantaged further by the local constriction of apical foramen.
- 九州歯科学会の論文
- 1974-07-31
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