幼児期における口蓋の形態学的研究
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A total of 572 infants aged 3 to 5 years consisting of 309 males and 263 females was selected for the present study from residents of Kitakyushu city and morphology of various parts of the palate was measured on the plaster impression models taken from each mouth. Results of statistical analysis were summarized as follows. 1. Palatal Breadth : Breadth in males was larger than that in females, and it was smaller than the dental arch breadth. With both sexes, it was largest in 5-year-old infants. When magnitudes of the breadth were compared between 3-year-old infants and adults, those in the male infants ranged from 90.5% to 80.7%, and those in the female infants from 90.7% to 85.7% respectively as compared with that of adults. 2. Palatal Height : Sex difference was almost negligible among 3-year-old infants, but the values for 4-year-old males as measured at 2nd milk molar region and those for 5-year-old male as measured at Ist and 2nd milk molars regions were respectively larger than those obtained from female infants. With both sexes of subjects, the height at 2nd milk molar region was largest in 5-year-old group, followed by 4-year-old and 3-year-old groups in decreasing order, and the value for the last group was smaller than that for 6-year-old group. The percentage values for 3-year-old group against that for adulthood as measured at Ist milk molar region were respectively 95.6% in males and 85.2% in females. 3. Palatal Arch Length : Values of the palatal arch length in males were greater than in females at every age stages from 3 to 5 years. The values obtained at Ist milk molar, however, showed a slight increase in infants from 3-year toward 6-year age stages progressively. The percentage values of palatal arch length in infants of 3-year age stage against that in adulthood were respectively 96.5% in males and 95.6% in females as measured at canine region ; 96.1% in males and 94.7% in females as measured at Ist milk molar region ; 81.4% in males and 84.0% in females as measured at 2nd milk molar region. 4. Length of Median Sagittal Plane Curve of Palate : Values in males were larger than in females at any age stage of subjects from 3 to 5 years of age. In both sexes the value was greatest at 3-year age stage, decreasing toward 5-year age stage of subjects. Percentage values of the curve length in 3-year-old infants against adulthood were respectively 80.1% in male sex and 76.0% in female sex of infants. 5. Difference between Palatal Arch Length and Palatal Breadth : For every age stages of infants 3 to 5 years old, the palatal arch length was greater than the palatal breadth, and the difference increased progressively from anterior toward posterior regions of the mouth. 6. Palatal Breadth Index : Values of index as obtained from between the breadth at canine region and that at 2nd milk molar region were the largest in 3-year-old subjects of both sexes, which decreased toward increasing age stages. Such age difference was almost unnoticed with the index values as obtained from between each breadth at Ist milk molar and 2nd milk molar regions of mouth with both sexes of subjects. 7. Palatal Height v. Dental Arch Breadth Index : The index was largest at 2nd milk molar in 5-year-old female infants, followed by 4-year-old 3-year-old infants in decreasing order. The index values as obtained at 2nd milk molar were larger than those obtained at Ist milk molar in every age stages of subjects regardless of sexes. 8. Palatal Breadth v. Palatal Arch Length : With both sexes and every age stages of infants, the values of the index decreased progressively from anterior toward posterior regions of mouth, indicating a progressive increase of curvature of palatal arch toward posterior direction. The female groups of 3 and 4 years of age exceeded the male groups of the same age stages, while such difference by sexes was unnoticed in 5-year-old infants. In the male infants, the index values between 5-year-old and 4-year-old groups were nearly the same, and that for 3-year-old and 4-year-old groups were almost identical, and were greater considerably than that obtained from 5-year-old infants.
- 九州歯科学会の論文
- 1974-05-31
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