補導委託先における補導の現状 : 少年補導施設の専門性と多様性
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概要
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The Family Court can entrust delinquent boys to Hodo-Itakusaki, according to the process of juvenile justice (The Japanese Juvenile Law, art. 25). Of Course, it is necessary for such a decision to be based on a reasonable judgement. The trustee (master of Hodo-Itakusaki) protects and guides boys for the restoration of their sound daily lives. In case guidance in Hodo-Itakusaki is successfully completed, the boys don't generally need treatment in a refomatory. This paper aims to describe the present state of Hodo-Itakusaki, from the viewpoint of its speciality and diversity. Most of the data used are based on interviews with the four trustees. 1. Hodo-Itakusakies have specialities in some respects in overall jevenile protection system. (1) Delinquent boys must leave their usual living conditions when they are entrusted to Hodo-Itakusakies, and very often they can get out of their pathological living conditions. (2) The boys come to lead regular lives under the guidance of trustees. (3) Trustees treat boys individually and understand each boy's way of thinking. (4) Trustees guide boys with positive guidance programs. (5) The goal of this guidance by Hodo-Itakusakies is to make boys lead stable lives in their new living conditions. For example, most boys individually need to get jobs suitable for them. 2. There is diversity in Hodo-Itakusakies. Itakusakies are different from each other in some respects, to meet diversity of boys' needs. (1) Itakusakies vary in the capacity and the composition of their staff, although the maximum capacity of each Itakusaki is 20 boys. (2) Each Itakusaki has a unique evironment and living facilities. Some Itakusakies are located in cities, others in places closer to nature. (3) Each Itakusaki has its own image of a boy who will fit its programs and lives, and as long as boys are suitably selected and entrusted, the guidance for boys generally yield goods effects. (4) Each Itakusaki has its own concrete guidance program. It provides boys with opportunities to reflect on themselves in some cases, train themselves in others. There are the speciality and the diversity in Hodo-Itakusakies. If these resources are effectively and appropriately applied, the role of the Hodo-Itakusaki in total juvenile justice system will become increasingly important.