甘蔗の數種煤病菌

概要

論文の詳細を見る
The spore forms of the sooty moulds on sugar canes are extraordinarily diverse, not infrequently no less than six forms being found on the same leaf in Formosa. The fungi spread on the leaves infested with the aphid, Ceratovacuna lanigera ZEHNT., and appear to be closely related to those of India, Queensland and other countries. The results of the studies made on the cultures originated from a single spore of each form reveal that the moulds on the sugar cane can be separated into at least three different species, namely, olivaceous, black, and brownish sooty moulds. 1. The olivaceous sooty mould, Fumago vagans PERS., fine powdery ; thin subiculum generally on the upper surface of the leaves. Conidiophores simple, erect, more or less geniculate at the upper part, yellowish brown to dark brown, 3-16-septate, 22-16×3.6-6μ Conidia acropleurogenous, catenulate in short chains, ellipsoid, ovoid or oblong, continuous or 1-septate, rarely 2-septate, light fuscous to dark olive, 5-16×3-6.5μ, rarely up to 23μ. Gemma-like chlamydospores irregularly ellipsoid, ovoid, oblong or subglobose, generally 2 to several muriform-saptate, or sarcinaeform, olivaceous brown to dark brown, thick-walled, 7-23×5-19μ. 2. The black sooty mouled, Caldariomyces fasciculatus n. sp., compact velvety, rather thick subiculum on both surfaces of the leaves. Conidiophores aggregated into synnema, more or less swollen at the end, simulating pycnidia. Synnema simple or rarely branched, attenuate upward, 210-476μ long, 22-41μ in wide at the base. Conidia produced on branched conidiophores, ellipsoid, ovoid, continuous, hyaline, 4.3-7.8×2.2-4.3μ. Gemma-like chlamydospores irregularly ellispoid, obloong or ovoid, dark olive, 1-septate, frequently continuous, constricted at the septum, 7-16×3.5-8μ. The diagnosis is as follows. Caldariomyces fasciculatus Yamamoto sp. nov. Mycelio atro, late effuse, crustaceo-membranaceo, paginam foliorum superiorem omnino tegente ; hyphis fusco-olivaceis, dematioideis, vage ramosis, 2.6-7.2μ crassis ; synnematibus densiuscule sparsis, rectis plerumque simplicibus, sursum attenuatis, 210-476×22-41μ, apice e hyphis divergentibus, dilatato-capitatis ; conidiis ellipsoideis vel ovoideis, continuis, hyalinis, 4.3-7.8×2.2-4.3μ; chlamydosporis e hyphis repentibus oriundis, irregulare ellispoideis vel oblongis, continuis vel 1-2-septatis, constrictis, fusco olivaceis, 7-16×3.5-8μ. Hab. in foliis vivis Sacchari officinarum L. Formosa, Japonia. 3. The brownish sooty mould, Hypocapnodium sp., rather thin subiculum on the upper surface of the leaves. Perithecia subglobose, scattered, dark brown, indistinctly ostiolate, 94-212μ in diam. Setae are found only at the upper part of the perithecia, dark brown, 1-5-setate indistinctly, 22-81×5-9μ. Asci obclavate, 8-spored, 62-84×10-16μ, thickened apex, 3-7μ long. Ascospores ellipsoid to long ellipsoid, obtuse at the ends, 1-3-septate, hyaline to subhyaline, 10-24×4.3-6.5μ. Tripospoid conidia 3 to 4 rdiate. Radi attnuate toward the end, subhyaline to dark colour, 2-4-septate, 22-44×5-9μ. Stalk short cylindric, attenuate toward the basal end, subhyaline, continuous, 10-12×5-7μ. Some cultural characters of these fungi are shown as follows : The fungi can grow on peptone synthetic and modified Czapek's agar as well as on some plant decoction agars i.e. onion, potato sugar cane leaf, and French bean. In general, Fumago vagans gives a good, rapid growth, and Caldariomyces fasciculatus grows fairly well, though rather slowly. Hypocapnodium sp. shows a poor, very slow growth on any kinds of media used. The relations of temperature to the mycelial growth of these fungi are studied. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth of Caldariomyces fasciculatus is at 25℃., or thereabout, the maximum lies between 34゜ and 37℃, the minimum seems to come somewhat below 5℃. On the at 25℃., and no growth at 34℃. Hypocapnodium sp. grows fairly well at 22゜-28℃., but can hardly grow at
日本植物病理学会の論文
1938-10-15

甘蔗の數種煤病菌

スポンサーリンク

概要

著者

関連論文

スポンサーリンク