Genetic Studies on Rice dwarf virus(Lectures by the Winners of the Society Fellowship)
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概要
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Rice dwarf virus (RDV) is transmitted only by insect vectors (Nephotettix cincticeps, N. virescens, N. nigropictus, and Recilia dorsalis) and multiplies both in plants and in its insect vectors. In 1994, complete nucleotide sequence of RDV genome was determined. Although the complete genome structure suggested to us that its gene products have many biochemical properties, it was difficult to predict properties relevant to mechanisms of induction of stunting and determination of the specificity of insect transmission. In addition to biochemistry, a genetic approach is needed to answer these questions. However, the genetics of RDV have been little studied, because of two main obstacles. First, there has been no efficient method of isolating a genetically homogeneous virus culture-neither a local lesion plant host nor an insect cell culture giving visible cytopathic effects is available. Second, no phenotypically distinct virus strains were known, except for one report on a severe strain. We have recently found that individual RDV isolates collected from fields can be easily distinguished by differences in the mobility of the genome segments during electrophoresis. Using these variants, it was possible to prove that genetically homogeneous virus cultures could be obtained after several passages in rice plants via N. cincticeps. Furthermore, phenotypically distinct isolates were obtained from the fields. Thus, a genetic approach to elucidate functions of the genes became possible.
- 日本植物病理学会の論文
- 2002-08-25