一九二〇〜三〇年代の「農村問題」をめぐる動向の一考察 : 古瀬伝蔵の行動の軌跡
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概要
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After the First World War, rural problems became objects of public concern and in fact the tenant farmers, some of whom were organized by the Japanese Peasants Union, struggled against land owners in various rural districts. This note deals with Denzo Furuse (1888-1959), who has been considered to be a representative of "Nohonshugi" group in the Japanese Peasants Union. He soon took a critical attitude toward the lines of the Japanese Peasants Union and advocated the idea of Peasants' Party taking part in its movement practically. He participated in editing "Ie no Hikari" and also edited "Noseikenkyu" (Journal of Agrarian Political Study) for about twenty years. His various activities were motivated by rousing public opinion about rural problems. The purpose of this note is to clarify the historical meaning of those movements which Furuse took part in, through following his tracks from the 1920' to the 1930'. First I examine his perception of agriculture, rural community and peasants, secondly make clear his activities at each period. Though I shall not argue "Nohonshugi" directly, I want to pay attention to the basis of "Nohonshugi" through his arguement of Rural Culture and so on. Furuse thought that the agriculture which should have occupied an important position in national economy was neglected after the First World War and that peasants put up with being as objects of agrarian policies. Therefore he persuaded peasants to realize their situation and to unite themselves so that they could become a political power to excersise a strong influence on the agrarian policies, which had to be balanced with the commercial and industrial policies. His idea of Peasants' Party was on these lines. And Furuse asserted not only that peasants had to substantiate the co-operative association but also that the Administration had to change the current policy into a new one which was based on productive peasants in order to stabilize the agriculture and to make rural communities prosperous which were the foundation of the nation. He emphasized the necessity of adapting peasant economy to the capitalistic system. Furuse consequently made a realistic choice according to the time and his ideas can be recognized by his participation of the Japanese Peasants Union (1922) and the establishment of "Nosangyoson Bunka Kyokai" (the Cultural Society of Agriculture, Mountain and Fishing Villages, 1940). Thereafter he was to adjust to the cource of the Administration gradually in wartime.
- 財団法人史学会の論文
- 1985-06-20