六波羅探題被官と北条氏の西国支配
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概要
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The purpose of the present paper is to clarify the movements of the vassals (hikan 被官) who served under the Rokuhara Tandai 六波羅探題, and therefore understand the significance of this representative of the Kamakura Bakufu stationed the capital of Kyoto. According to the principles for policing the capital, both Kamakura Bakufu vassals stationed in Kyoto (zaikyonin 在京人) and the Tandai's vassals were probably mobilized under the police commander (kendan tonin 検断頭人), who was also a vassal of the Tandai. Not only within the Capital itself, but also in the adjacent provinces of the Kinai region "Rokuhara's" policing activities were mainly executed by the same kendan tonin. And, it seems that other Rokuhara hikan, as well, were given authority to lead Kyotobased Kamakura vassals. This peacetime policing function of "Rokuhara" would take on the military posture of the "Rokuhara" army in times of crisis. And during these times as well both the kendan tonin and other authorized Rokuhara hikan would assume military leadership over zaikyonin. Moreover, whenever the Rokuhara Tandai held at the same time the Bakufu appointment of shugo 守護 (provincial constable), all of his hikan would also serve as deputy constables (shugo-dai 守護代). Especially in the Kinai region this rule greatly bolstered the power and authority of the Tandai. Essentially the position of Rokuhara Ryoshi 両使 was occupied by either a zaikyonin or a bugyonin 奉行人 (Bakufu functionary) ; however, during the last years of the Kamakura period Rokuhara Tandai vassals began to participate in the Ryoshi insititution through the form of ryoshi ippo shugo-dai 両使一方守護代 (Ryoshi cum deputy-constable). "Rokuhara" organized Kyoto-based Kamakura vassals as one link in its rule over Western Japan. One more step was its not always successful attempt to subsume zaikyonin and bugyonin personally under the Tandai as his hikan. From the above discussion, the author concludes that one important aspect of "Rokuhara" was its role as an institutional base for gaining control over the Western provinces by placing vassals tied to the Hojo family in key policing and military positions.
- 財団法人史学会の論文
- 1989-03-20