墾田法と初期荘園 : 東大寺領越前国桑原荘を中心として
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概要
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This paper is concerned with the relation between Kondenho and Shoki Shoen (初期荘園). The Todaiji Temple possessed many of these Shoen in the province of Echizen. They may be grouped into three types. The first was founded by occupation of arable land on account of an imperial edict dated 749 (Tenpyoshoho 天平勝宝 1). The second was founded by commendation or purchase of already developed land (harita 治田). The last was founded by the occupation of arable land on petition to the provincial administrator (Kokushi 国司). The Todaiji Temple's Kuwabara-no-sho (桑原荘) belonged to the last type. The rule of Kondenho was applied to this type. The rule would cancel the right of occupation of arable land which had not been developed during the previous three years. The area of Kuwabara-no-sho was occupied by 0htomo Maro (大伴麻呂), but he could not develop the area during the previous three years. He disposed of the right in 754 (Tenpyoshoho 天平勝宝). The Kokushi of Echizen province issued a permit document (Echizen Kokushihan 越前国司判) in 755. But it was made out to admit the transfer of the developement rights, and consequently the Kondenho was applicable to this area. Kuwabara-no-sho was developed, and managed by the officials in charge of building the temple of Todaiji (Zo-Todaiji-Shi 造東大寺司). After 757 (Tenpyohoji 天平宝字 1), Kuwabara-no-sho was tossed about in a dispute between the Nakamaro faction and Todaiji. The Nakamaro faction and the provincial officials regarded the area as state-owned territory. During the process of the land tenure system from 760 down to 761, Kuwabara-no-sho's land was oppressed, and included in state lands by Nakamaro faction. Consequently Todaiji lost it's estate, Kuwabara-no-sho.
- 1986-10-20