ソロン、土地、収公 : ソロンの詩篇の分析を中心として

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The causes of the crisis with which Solon attempted to deal have been left unclear. The invention and extended use of coined money is not likely to have had such drastic effects in itself. Recently, it seems increasingly likely that coined money was not minted in Athens until some time after Solon's reforms. Furthermore, a few bad harvests, some hostile raids from neighbouring areas or the phenomenon of divided inheritance might be bad enough, but these could not account for such deep and widespread distress among the peasantry. If the bulk of the free peasantry did in fact exist, what was the crisis for them? In this paper the author considers the main cause of the crisis and Solon's reforms. He suggests the following two points after an examination of Solon's poems. 1)In the seventh century B.C. in Attica there were temple lands (ιερα κτεανα) and communal lands (δημοσια κτεανα) to which everyone had access. Such lands of Attica offered fields for development in pasture, timber and arboriculture ; and no limit was set to the acquisition of such lands in the period before Solon. In the late seventh century B.C. such lands were usurped by wealthy nobles (δημου ηγεμονεδ) for the sake of large olive production for export. Therefore it made life harder for other farmers who were not given access to the lands. This is the main cause of the crisis. 2)In Sol., F 36 v. 6, the οροι were the boundary markers which were unjustly built by the wealthy nobles in the process of their encroachment on such lands. By removing οροι, Solon made the lands free and put them undef the control of the polis. Furthermore he gave a law to prevent the unlimited accumulation of land (Arist., Pol., 1266b 16) and that may be interpreted as being directed against the usurpation of the lands by the nobles. In this manner the cause of the crisis was removed, and there never were Latifundia in Attica.
財団法人史学会の論文
1986-10-20

ソロン、土地、収公 : ソロンの詩篇の分析を中心として

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財団法人史学会 | 論文

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