清代前期福建の抗租と国家権力
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One of the important problems in studies of rent resistance in the Ming-Ch'ing period has been how the Government dealt with rent resistance which was caused by contradictions in private relations between landlords and tenants. The present writer aims in this article to study the above problem by an examination of rent resistance in Fu-chien during the early Ch'ing period, where, like Chiang-nan (江南), many rent resistance struggles were reported to have taken place. The Huang (黄) Family were landlords in T'ung-an (同南) District in Chuan-chou (泉州) Prefecture. The source book, "Chin-li Huang-shih Chia-p'u (錦里黄氏家譜)", presents a case of rent resistance on t'un-t'ien (屯田), the estate of the Huang Family, in P'ing-he (平和) District in Chang-chou (〓州) Prefecture during the Yung-cheng (雍正) era. But in 1732 the authorities of P'ing-he District suppressed the rent resistance at the request of the Huang Family. After this event the Huang Family, taking advantage of the Government's direct interference in favor of land-lords, planned to reorganize the system of their estate management (i.e., their rule over the tenants and the collection of rents). The widespread and vigorous rent resistance which developed after the late Ming period led the Government to reorganize the local police and criminal administration to crush rent resistance and collect the outstanding rents. The Government helped the landlords to collect rents and intervened directly in the private relations between landlords and tenants. In other words, the Government managed to reorganize the landlord-tenant relations and maintain them in the early Ch'ing period. The present writer discovered many cases of the direct intervention by the Government in Fu-chien against rent resistance struggles even before the ordinance by the Central Government in 1727. The concept which Hsu Fu-yuan (許孚遠), the Governor (hsun-fu 巡撫) of Fu-chien, formulated in the late Ming period to maintain the land-lord-tenant relations by the Government's intervention, was realized fully in the early Ch'ing period.
- 財団法人史学会の論文
- 1982-08-20
財団法人史学会 | 論文
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