清末揚州教案
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
In 1868, Hudson Taylor and his colleagues from the China Inland Mission were attacked at Yangzhou, after just beginning their missionary activities. This Yangzhou Incident (Jiao-an) indicates some problems, .which include antagonism between Christianity and the Chinese traditional world view, a domestic political situation of each side, different methods of missions by different societies, and the relationship between British invasion and missionary enterprize. The real conditions of the Yangzhou Incident can be revealed only by disentangling this knot of complicated facts. The last point, however, has been over-emphasized, and it has led to over-simplification of anti-missionary movements, including the Yangzhou Incident. This simplification ascribes the cause of the incident to Taylor's "forcible" residence in Yangzhou and regards British gunboat diplomacy as a typical protection of missionaries. However, a detailed re-examination of the negotiation process after the incident shows us that such an understanding has to be re-evaluated. First, the fundamental cause of the incident is Chinese antipathy towards the Roman Catholic orphanage in Yangzhou. It was when this ill feeling was reaching a climax that Hudson Taylor and others started living there. It can be said that they were drawn into the incident. Therefore, we have to attach more importance to the meaning of the existance of the orphanage in the Chinese community of Yangzhou than to the validity of Taylor's residence in inland China. Secondly, although British authorities actually used force, its aim was never to protect the inland residence of Hudson Taylor. The government was opposed to it, causing Chinese popular antagonism and stagnation at trade between the two nations. Above all, British missionary policy became more disadvantageous to missionary activities after Yangzhou Incident. Though it is impossible to generalize from this small case study, it is necessary to consider the Yaugzhou Incident by taking a step backward from the stereotyped framework and examining the context of different conditions in order to find out what this Incident was really all about.
- 財団法人史学会の論文
- 1994-11-20