Summary and Conclusions
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概要
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I. Dosimetry A major portion of the research associated with the A-bomb survivor's studies on health effects in the last decade centered on a reanalysis of the A-bomb and their resultant population doses. This study culminated in an extensive publication delineating a new dosimetry system, now known as DS86. In the present review Thiessen and Kaul provide us with a concise summary of the features that distinguish DS86 from the earlier previously used T 65D dosimetry system. Under the DS86 system, calculated doses (and all doses in this system are calculated) are lower, on average, resulting from, among other elements a considerable reduction in neutron doses by about a factor of 10 in Hiroshima. Shielding factors also result in a reduction in total gamma radiation although this is to some extent offset by an increase in gamma dose estimates over the distance of major importance to population exposure in Hiroshima. Figures 2 and 3 in their paper provide a comparison of the two dosimetry systems. A detailed discussion of the components involved in the calculation procedures used in the DS86 system is provided by Kosako in the following paper. The calculations involve three major phases; 1) the transport calculations of the bomb output in terms of prompt and delayed neutrons, and gamma ray production both early and late. 2) house shielding conditions are divided into some 57 categories and finally 3) body shielding for adult, child and infant, for 15 organ systems, and for the standing, kneeling and prone body positions are factored into the dose calculations.
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