衛生及び衛生学 : 近代日本の体育史を読み解くキーワード

概要

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On the basis of previous research studies, this paper attempts do point out that "health" and "hygienics" are the key words for interpreting the history of physical education in modern Japan, especially in the Meiji Period. Hygienics made physical education a theoretical means of gaining optimum health, and therefore a rigorous method was developed for promoting physical fitness among Japanese people. Accompanying this movement, a physical standard for the body was set based upon average height and weight, and as a result, the physical characteristics of each individual were judged according to how they fitted within the permissible range. In short, a governmental policy of equalization or nationalization of Japanese body characteristics was adopted and attained in the name of hygienics, and it was expected that all people would be able to meet this average. However, those who did not reach the standard became targets of discrimination, and in some cases were branded as unpatriotic. Therefore, it can be said that "health" and "hygienics" are the key words for understanding both the positive and negative aspects of the history of physical education in modern Japan.
社団法人日本体育学会の論文
2005-09-10